Indian Independence Movement

Jawaharlal Nehru and Maulana Azad were the official negotiators for the Congress with Cripps Mission.

India after becoming independent, planning commission was introduced on 15 March 1950 by Indian government to improve standards of living of people who were deprived for centuries. First chairman of planning commission in India was Jawaharlal Nehru as he was the Prime Minister then.

Finance Commission is a commission that defines the terms of qualification, disqualification, eligibility and the powers of the Finance Commission. The Commission was established in the year 1951. The same was established under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution. It was appointed for the period 1952-1957. It was chaired by KC Neogy.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

Madras Mahajana Sabha was established by S. Ramaswami Mudaliar and P. Anandacharlu in 1884. Its first conference was held on December 29, 1884. 

Motilal Nehru and Chittranjan Das thought of contesting elections to enter the legislative council with a view to obstructing the government. Therefore, in 1922, they formed the Swaraj Party within the Indian National Congress.

Congress held a special session in Calcutta in September 1920 under the presidentship of Lala Lajpat Rai. It met to pass the resolution of the Non-Cooperation Movement. Mahatma Gandhi wrongly predicted that if the Non-cooperation movement gets successful, Swaraj could be attained in One year. 

Jawaharlal Nehru was a strong supporter of the Non-cooperation movement. C.R. Das, Madan Mohan Malaviya, and Annie Besant were among those who initially expressed reservations or opposition to the resolution.

Sir Dadabhai Naoroji Dordi (4 September 1825 – 30 June 1917) also known as the "Grand Old Man of India" and "Unofficial Ambassador of India" was a British Parsi scholar, trader and politician who was a Liberal Party member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest, Rashbehari Bose  was one of the key organisers of the Ghadar Mutiny and later the Indian National Army. Bipin Chandra Pal is known as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts in India and was one of the freedom fighters of India.Surendranath Banerjee is also known as RastraGuru. Hence, these are incorrect. 

Dadabhai Naoroji Elected for the Liberal Party in Finsbury Central at the 1892 general election, he was the first British Indian MP. He refused to take the oath on the Bible as he was not a Christian, but was allowed to take the oath of office in the name of God on his copy of Khordeh Avesta.

Allan Octavian Hume, a retired civil servant in the British Government took the initiative to form an all-India organization. Thus, the Indian National Congress was founded and its first session was held at Bombay in 1885.

Dadabhai Naoroji was the first to estimate the country's per capita national income during the British rule for the year 1888. He was an Indian nationalist and critic of British economic policy in India. He also put forward the drain theory in his book Poverty and UnBritish Rule in India. He became widely known for his unfavourable opinion of the economic consequences of British rule in India.

Dadabhai Naoroji powerfully stressed the Swaraj as the goal of Indian People. In Calcutta session of 1906, under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji, Congress adopted Swaraj or self-government as the goal of Indian people. But in actuality he meant self governing British colonies. He was also an Indian nationalist and critic of British economic policy in India

The prominent members of the moderates were:-

• D E Wacha
• S N Banerjee
• Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Indian National Congress was formed in 1885. It was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. The early political leaders of Indian National Congress dominated Congress from 1885-1905. During this period, the Congress Party passed fairly moderate reform resolutions, though many within the organization by 1905 were becoming radicalized by the increased poverty that accompanied British imperialism.

from 1885 to 1905, the Congress was led by a group of leaders known as the Early Nationalists. They were staunch believers in open minded and moderate politics. So they called the moderates.