Indian Honours and Awards

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (Frontier Gandhi) received Bharat Ratna in 1987 and Nelson Mandela in 1990. Mother Teresa, though born in Skopje, was an Indian citizen when she received Bharat Ratna in 1980, making her ineligible for this 'non-Indian' list.

C.V. Raman was indeed the first recipient of the Bharat Ratna in 1954 for his work on the scattering of light (Raman Effect). The award was instituted in 1954 and Raman was among the earliest recipients.

Ebrahim Alkazi, the father of modern Indian theatre, received Padma Vibhushan in 2010 for his contributions to theatre. He was the first director of the National School of Drama and trained generations of actors.

Rekha received the Padma Shri in 2010 for her contributions to Indian cinema. Fareed Zakaria and Sant Singh Chatwal received Padma Bhushan, while A R Rahman also received Padma Bhushan.

Virender Sehwag received the Padma Shri in 2010 for his contributions to Indian cricket. Aamir Khan received Padma Bhushan, A R Rahman received Padma Bhushan, and Zohra Sehgal received Padma Vibhushan.

Emperor Akihito of Japan was indeed the first recipient of the Charles II Medal awarded by the Royal Society, with APJ Abdul Kalam being the second recipient to receive this honor.

P. Sainath is indeed the rural affairs editor of The Hindu (not "Hindu daily"), is a Magsaysay Award winner (2007), and is the grandson of former President V. V. Giri. However, he is NOT an alumnus of Visva-Bharati Institute, so option B is the correct answer for "what is not true."

Professor R. Sahadevan received the prestigious Meghnad Saha Award for 2007, recognizing his contributions to science. The award honors scientists who have made significant contributions to physics and related fields.

Morarji Desai is the only Indian to receive both Pakistan's highest civilian award Nishan-e-Pakistan (1990) and India's Bharat Ratna (1991). He was Prime Minister of India from 1977-1979. The other options are incorrect: C. Rajagopalachari received only Bharat Ratna, M.S. Subbulakshmi received Bharat Ratna, and Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was a Pakistani freedom fighter.

Aamir Khan received the Padma Bhushan award in 2010, which is the second highest civilian award in India. Padma Bhushan is ranked below Padma Vibhushan but above Padma Shri. The actor was recognized for his contributions to Indian cinema.

The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is named after Malcolm Baldrige, not Edward Deming. However, the question asks for the 'most prestigious award in quality named after this American' - the phrasing is confusing. Edward Deming has the Deming Prize (Japan's highest quality award). The question likely intends to ask about the Deming Prize or has confused the two awards. The claimed answer (Deming) is likely what the question-writer intended.

The Dhyan Chand Award, instituted in 2002, is India's highest sporting honor for lifetime achievement. It recognizes athletes' outstanding contributions and dedication to sports over their entire career, named after the legendary hockey player Major Dhyan Chand.

The Ashoka Chakra is India's highest peacetime gallantry award, equivalent in prestige to the Param Vir Chakra which is the highest wartime gallantry award. While Param Vir Chakra is awarded for conspicuous bravery in wartime, Ashoka Chakra is awarded for similar acts of valor during peacetime.

The Kirti Chakra is a peacetime gallantry award of India, awarded for conspicuous gallantry, daring, or valor. It is the peacetime equivalent of the Maha Vir Chakra (wartime award). The Ashoka Chakra is the highest peacetime award equivalent to Param Vir Chakra.

The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award (now renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award) is India's highest sporting honour, conferred for outstanding achievement in sports. The Arjuna Award recognizes good performance over a period of four years, while the Dhyan Chand Award is for lifetime contribution to sports development. The Dronacharya Award is specifically for coaches, not players.