Indian Cities and Places

Correct option is (1).

Sriharikota, a spindle-shaped island on India's east coast in Andhra Pradesh, houses the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC). This is India's primary satellite launching station from where all satellite launch vehicles are fired.

The National Museum in New Delhi is one of India's largest museums, located on Janpath. It houses artifacts ranging from pre-historic era to modern works of art. The museum functions under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.

The Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) is based in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), West Bengal. Founded in 1876, it is one of India's oldest and most prestigious research institutions in the field of fundamental sciences. IACS has been home to several renowned scientists including Nobel laureate C.V. Raman. The association focuses on research in physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics. It played a crucial role in the development of scientific research in India during the colonial and post-independence periods. The institution continues to be a premier center for scientific research.

The Indian Institute of Advanced Studies (IIAS) is located in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. It was established in 1964 and is housed in the historic Viceregal Lodge, formerly the residence of the British Viceroy of India.

The Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS) is headquartered in Bangalore (Bengaluru). It was founded in 1934 by Nobel laureate Sir C.V. Raman and is one of the premier science academies in India.

The first universities established in India in 1857 were in Calcutta (Kolkata), Bombay (Mumbai), and Madras (Chennai). The University of Calcutta, established on January 24, 1857, was the first among them. The question asks specifically about the first.

The School of Planning and Architecture (SPA) is located in New Delhi. It was established in 1941 as the Department of Architecture of Delhi Polytechnic and later became an autonomous institution in 1959.

Jamia Millia Islamia is a central university located in New Delhi. It was established in 1920 and became a central university in 1988. The other cities are locations of other major universities (Pune - Symbiosis/FTII, Aligarh - AMU, Varanasi - BHU).

Birla Industrial and Technological Museum (BITM) is located in Kolkata, West Bengal. It was established in 1959 and is one of the first science museums in India under the National Council of Science Museums. The museum focuses on industrial and technological exhibits and is a major educational attraction in eastern India.

The Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) is indeed located in Roorkee, Uttarakhand. It is a premier national laboratory under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) established in 1947. CBRI focuses on building science, structural engineering, and construction technology research.

Bose Research Institute (Bose Institute) is located in Kolkata, West Bengal. It was founded in 1917 by Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose, the renowned physicist and biologist. The institute is a pioneer in interdisciplinary scientific research in physics, chemistry, plant physiology, and biotechnology.

The Central Electro Chemical Research Institute (CECRI) is situated in Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu. It is a CSIR laboratory established in 1948 specializing in electrochemistry research. CECRI focuses on electrochemical science and technology including corrosion control, batteries, and electroplating.

The Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI) is located in Mysore (now Mysuru), Karnataka. Established in 1950 under CSIR, it is India's premier research institution in food science and technology. CFTRI focuses on food processing, preservation, nutrition, and food safety research.

CEERI (Central Electronic Engineering Research Institute) is located in Pilani, Rajasthan. It is one of the premier research laboratories under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).