Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of peroxisome is  

  1. H$ _2$O$ _2$ destruction

  2. Conversion of fats to carbohydrates

  3. Detoxification of heavy metals

  4. Oxidative phosphorylation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are single membrane covered cell organelles which take part in oxidation reactions other than those of respiration. Peroxisomes are microbodies which have enzymes for peroxide biosynthesis like peroxidases, amino acid oxidase and peroxide destruction like catalase.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysomes is 

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glyoxysomes are microbodies which occur only in fat rich plant cells where they take part in $\beta$-oxidation of fats and perform glyoxylate cycle. Glyoxysomes possess catalase enzyme.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of peroxisome is

  1. To convert $H _2O _2$ into $H _2O$ and $O _2$
  2. Utilisation of $O _2$ gas

  3. To break toxic molecules of a cell

  4. All the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of H2O2, the utilization of oxygen in oxidative reactions, and the degradation of various toxic molecules, making all listed functions correct.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysome is

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Glyoxysomes are microbodies which contain enzymes for $\beta - oxidation$ of fatty acids and glyoxylate pathway. They are considered to be special peroxisomes. They occur abundantly in germinating endosperm cells of oil seeds.
So, the correct answer is 'Glyoxysomes'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysome is

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glyoxysomes are specialized peroxisomes found in plants that contain enzymes for the glyoxylate cycle, which is essential for fat metabolism during seed germination.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Which of the following electrolyte pumps helps in active absorption of glucose in the intestinal walls?

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Chloride

  4. Bicarbonate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Active absorption occurs against the concentration gradient which requires energy. $Na^+$ which transports by facilitated transport that means it is taken by a protein carrier which has a peculiarity. It drags glucose with sodium ion from the lumen of the intestine to blood and helps in its absorption.

So the correct option is 'Sodium'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestive system of human absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Which of the following is true regarding the absorption mechanism of carbohydrates in the intestine?

  1. Glucose is absorbed passively

  2. Galactose is absorbed passively

  3. Fructose is transported actively

  4. Glucose and galactose are transported actively
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Glucose and galactose transport against the concentration and hence require energy and carrier which transport them from lumen of the intestine to cell and are co transported with sodium ion.

So the correct option is 'Glucose and galactose are transported actively'

Multiple choice biology breath and blood of life different types of circulatory systems stomata and transpiration transport in organisms

Mark the incorrect statement

  1. Every organ in our body needs the involvement of circulating fluids.

  2. The digestive system absorb & digest nutrients.

  3. The respiratory system removes all extra water of the body.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Every organ in our body needs the involvement of circulating fluid. Ex - The digestive system digests & absorb nutrients which are needed to be transported to every cell in the body.

Multiple choice biology breath and blood of life different types of circulatory systems stomata and transpiration transport in organisms

Only the multi cellular organisms require transporting mechanisms.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Unicellular organisms also require transporting mechanism in order to transport nutrients, enzymes, waste products etc. The transport mechanism in unicellular organisms is simpler than multicellular organisms. Unicellular organisms can transport substances in and out of the body by diffusion and osmosis.

Multiple choice biology breath and blood of life different types of circulatory systems stomata and transpiration transport in organisms

A transport system is needed to transport
(i) Nutrients, oxygen and hormones from the place, they are absorbed or received to the cells.
(ii) Waste products from the place they are formed to the place from where they are eliminated outside.
(iii) Heart beat, chromosome.

  1. (i) and (ii) correct

  2. (i) and (iii) correct

  3. (ii) and (iii) correct

  4. (i) , (ii) and (iii) correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The human transport system is a system of tubes with a pump and valves to ensure one-way blood flow. We need a transport system to deliver oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other substances to all our body cells and take away waste products from them. 

Multiple choice biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

The main function of angiotensin is
A. To increase blood pressure
B. Constricting the glomerular arterioles
C. Increases blood volume
The correct ones are given in?

  1. A and C

  2. B and C

  3. A and B

  4. A, B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Angiotensinogen produced by the liver is broken into angiotensin I by renin which us an enzyme produced by the kidney. This angiotensin I is the precursor of angiotensin II which often plays a role in the constriction of glomerular arterioles, increase blood flow and blood pressure. 

So, the correct answer is 'A, B, and C'.

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

The function of enzymes in the non-living system is to:

  1. transport oxygen

  2. provide immunity

  3. catalyse biochemical reaction

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A fundamental task of proteins is to act as enzymes catalysts that increase the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells. Although RNAs are capable of catalyzing some reactions, most biological reactions are catalyzed by proteins. In the absence of enzymatic catalysis, most biochemical reactions are so slow that they would not occur under the mild conditions of temperature and pressure that are compatible with life. Enzymes accelerate the rates of such reactions by well over a million-fold, so reactions that would take years in the absence of catalysis can occur in fractions of seconds if catalyzed by the appropriate enzyme.

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

The function of zymase is to: 

  1. change starch into sugar

  2. ferment glucose to alcohol and carbon dioxide

  3. change malt sugar into glucose

  4. change starch into malt sugar and dextrin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Zymase is an enzyme complex that catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry surface chemistry enzyme catalysis catalysis proteins and enzymes

The function of enzymes in the living system is to________.

  1. Transport oxygen

  2. Provide immunity

  3. Catalyse biochemical reaction

  4. Provide energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The function of enzymes in the living system is to catalyse biochemical reaction.
Enzymes are highly substrate specific and catalyze reactions by providing an alternate pathway of lower activation energy.