Human Physiology and Anatomy

The correct sequence is: tissues → organs → organ systems. Organs are positioned between tissues (groups of cells) and organ systems (groups of organs working together). Atoms are much smaller (chemical level), tissues are below organs, and organism is at the top of the hierarchy.

An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.

A biohazard is a biological substance that poses a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily humans. This includes medical waste or samples of a microorganism, virus, or toxin.

Internal refers to something situated on the inside of an organism.

External refers to something located on the outside or surface of an organism.

Metabolic processes generate waste products that must be removed to prevent toxicity and maintain homeostasis.

Haemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and transports it throughout the human body.

Homeostasis is the process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing external conditions. Examples include regulating internal variables like body temperature and blood sugar levels.

Cholesterol is a vital building block in the body, used to synthesize steroid hormones (like estrogen and testosterone), vitamin D, and bile acids necessary for digestion.

Proteins function as structural components, enzymes, and antibodies to fight disease. Transmitting genetic information is the primary role of nucleic acids, not proteins.

A tattoo on the right arm does not interfere with blood pressure measurement. Contraindications include paralysis, IV lines, mastectomy, dialysis access, or pain in that arm. The unaffected arm should be used.

Movement requires the nervous system to send signals, the muscular system to provide the force, and the skeletal system to provide the structure and leverage for the muscles to pull against.

Anaphoresis is the process of infusing an alkaline product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole. It stimulates and irritates the nerves, increases blood supply, and expands the pores.

The primary function of the small intestine is the chemical digestion of food and the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.

The primary role of the digestive system is to break down complex food molecules into simpler nutrients that the body's cells can absorb and use for energy and growth.