Biology · General Awareness
Human Endocrine System
1,395 Questions
The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.
Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones
Human Endocrine System Questions
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Estradiol
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Inhibin
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Testosterone
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Dopamine
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Inhibin inhibits secretion of follicle stimulating hormone.
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Thrombopoietin stimulates megakaryocytes to produce platelets.
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Calcidiol hormone is inactive form of D3.
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Neurohormones are called releasing factor.
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Angiotensin is secreted tensin is secreted by hepatocyes of liver.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Angiotensin is secreted by hepatocyes of liver.
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Villikinin
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Calcitriol
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Relaxin
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Vasopressin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin-D (calcitriol) is a calcium regulating hormone.
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Relaxin
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Cortisol
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Prolectin
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Oxytoxin
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Oestrogen
B
Correct answer
Explanation
It is a glucocorticoid secreted by adernal cortex.
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Regulate pituitary secretion of prolactin
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Testosterone synthesis
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Nitric oxide release
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Inhibin secretion
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Synthesis of androgen binding protein
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The primary function of Leydig cells is to synthesize and secrete testosterone. Leydig cells do this in a dose-dependent manner in response to LH.
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Sertoli cells
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Leydig cells
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Metanephric kidneys
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Mullerian duct epithelium
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Germ cells
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Those testicular cells destined to become Sertoli cells will secrete MIS under the direction of SRY and cause the Müllerian ducst to degenerate.
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Zona pellucida
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Developing trophoblast
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Fetal pituitary gland
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Maternal pituitary gland
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Ovarian corpus luteum
E
Correct answer
Explanation
A fall in maternal progesterone levels results in sloughing of the endometrial wall and allows the next ovulation cycle to begin. Therefore, in order for an embryo to implant and remain in the uterus, local and systemic maternal progesterone levels must remain elevated. For the first 14 days after ovulation, the corpus luteum secretes progesterone. Without additional support, the corpus luteum spontaneously regresses at the end of a typical menstrual cycle.
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FSH
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Thyroid stimulating hormone
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Vasopressin
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Luteinising hormone
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NA
C
Correct answer
Explanation
It is the correct option as vasopressin is also known as Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It stimulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
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Growth hormone-releasing hormone
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Somatostatin
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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Leuprolide is a well known gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist analog, that is more potent than the natural hormone, GnRH. It has been useful in prostatic cancer treatment.
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Luteinising hormone
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Estrogen
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Progesterone
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Testosterone
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Luteotropic hormone
C
Correct answer
Explanation
It regulates the condition of the endometrium of the uterus.
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Thyroid
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Testosterone
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Adrenaline
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Noradrenaline
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Adrenaline (epinephrine) is the primary hormone released by adrenal glands during stressful situations, preparing the body for 'fight or flight' response. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and energy availability. Noradrenaline also plays a role but adrenaline is the primary hormone.
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Relaxin
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Oxytocin
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Human chorionic gonadotrophin
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Prolactin
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Progesterone
C
Correct answer
Explanation
It is a hormone which is detected during pregnancy test and produced by the syncytiotrophoblast, a portion of the placenta.
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leydig cells
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seminiferous tubules
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epididymis
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vas deferens
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Leydig cells are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). Leydig cells are polyhedral in shape, display a large prominent nucleus, an eosinophilic cytoplasm and numerous lipid-filled vesicles.
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vasopressin
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Testosterone
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Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
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Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group . In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid.
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Ghrelin
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Estrogen
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Progesterone
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Insulin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Estrogen is a hormone that comprises a group of compounds, including estrone, estradiol and estriol. It is the main sex hormone in women and is essential to the menstrual cycle. Although estrogen exists in men as well as women, it is found in higher amounts in women, especially those capable of reproducing.