Biology · General Awareness
Human Endocrine System
1,530 Questions
The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.
Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones
Human Endocrine System Questions
Match the following:
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| a. Parathormone hormone |
1. It controls the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body. |
| b. Thyroxine hormone |
2. It regulates heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure and carbohydrate metabolism. |
| c. Adrenaline hormone |
3. It regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. |
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a - 3, b - 2, c - 1
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a - 2, b - 3, c - 1
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a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
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a - 3, b - 1, c - 2
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a - 2, b - 1, c - 3
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct option. Parathormone hormone regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the blood.
Thyroxine hormone controls the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body.
Adrenaline hormone regulates heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure and carbohydrate metabolism.
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ADH, LTH, MSH
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FSH, LTH, STH
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ADH, STH, MSH
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FSH, MSH, STH
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ADH, FSH, LTH
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LTH), somatotropic hormone (STH): All are anterior pituitary hormones
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Cholecystokinin
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Secretin
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Somatostatin
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Thrombopoietin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Secretin is secreted by S-cells of duodenum.
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Somatostatin - Gamma cells
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Gastrin - G cells
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Secretin - I cells
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Histamine - ECL cells
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Secretin is secreted by S - cells of duodenum.
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Ovarian progesterone
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Androgen
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Chronic gonadotrophins hormone
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Growth hormones
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Chronic gonadotrophin hormones are secreted by placenta during pregnancy.
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Estradiol
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Inhibin
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Testosterone
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Dopamine
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Inhibin inhibits secretion of follicle stimulating hormone.
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Erythropoietin
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Renin
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Insulin growth factor
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Somatostatin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Renin is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells of kidney.
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Thrombopoietin stimulates megakaryocytes to produce platelets.
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Calcidiol hormone is inactive form of D3.
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Neurohormones are called releasing factor.
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Angiotensin is secreted tensin is secreted by hepatocyes of liver.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Angiotensin is secreted by hepatocyes of liver.
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Villikinin
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Calcitriol
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Relaxin
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Vasopressin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin-D (calcitriol) is a calcium regulating hormone.
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Relaxin
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Cortisol
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Prolectin
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Oxytoxin
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Oestrogen
B
Correct answer
Explanation
It is a glucocorticoid secreted by adernal cortex.
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Regulate pituitary secretion of prolactin
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Testosterone synthesis
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Nitric oxide release
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Inhibin secretion
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Synthesis of androgen binding protein
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The primary function of Leydig cells is to synthesize and secrete testosterone. Leydig cells do this in a dose-dependent manner in response to LH.
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Sertoli cells
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Leydig cells
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Metanephric kidneys
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Mullerian duct epithelium
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Germ cells
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Those testicular cells destined to become Sertoli cells will secrete MIS under the direction of SRY and cause the Müllerian ducst to degenerate.
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Zona pellucida
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Developing trophoblast
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Fetal pituitary gland
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Maternal pituitary gland
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Ovarian corpus luteum
E
Correct answer
Explanation
A fall in maternal progesterone levels results in sloughing of the endometrial wall and allows the next ovulation cycle to begin. Therefore, in order for an embryo to implant and remain in the uterus, local and systemic maternal progesterone levels must remain elevated. For the first 14 days after ovulation, the corpus luteum secretes progesterone. Without additional support, the corpus luteum spontaneously regresses at the end of a typical menstrual cycle.
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FSH
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Thyroid stimulating hormone
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Vasopressin
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Luteinising hormone
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NA
C
Correct answer
Explanation
It is the correct option as vasopressin is also known as Antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It stimulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
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Growth hormone-releasing hormone
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Somatostatin
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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Leuprolide is a well known gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist analog, that is more potent than the natural hormone, GnRH. It has been useful in prostatic cancer treatment.