Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

1,953 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Food after degiuttition suffers a number of changes in its texture while passing through the gut. Pick out the wrong statement with respect to above statement.

  1. Food mixed with bile, pancreatic juice and succus entencus is called chyle

  2. Chyle is alkaline in pH

  3. Maximum water absorption occurs in colon

  4. Chyme is acidic in nature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The term chyle specifically refers to the milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats formed in the small intestine during digestion. The mixture of food with bile, pancreatic juice, and succus entericus is generally referred to as chyme (in the stomach) or the intestinal contents, not chyle.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Which of the following statement is incorrect related to digestion?

  1. Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

  2. It is a anabolic process.

  3. Digestion is both voluntary and involuntary process.

  4. None of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A) Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules.

B) It is a catabolic process as it breaks down the molecule into a simple form.
C) It is voluntary until swallowing as food is swallowed the whole process becomes involuntary.

So the correct option is '(B) It is an anabolic process.
                                         

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

The final products of digestion should be

  1. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  2. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell walls.

  3. Fat soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.

  4. Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  •  Digestion is catabolic process in the digestive tract where ingested food is converted into simpler, soluble and diffusible substances that can be assimilated by the body and absorbed into the blood from the intestinal walls.
  • The end product should be water soluble as it has to combine with the plasma of blood.
  • Absorption at intestinal walls is through cell membranes of intestinal cells and walls of blood capillaries.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Water soluble and should be able to pass through cell membranes'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Engulfing of food in solid or fluid state is

  1. Saprozoic nutrition

  2. Parasitic nutrition

  3. Saprophytic nutrition

  4. Holozoic nutrition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Holozoic nutrition is a type of heterotrophic nutrition that is characterized by the ingestion and internal processing of gaseous, liquid or solid food particles Protozoa, such as amoebas, and most of the animals, exhibit this type of nutrition. There are several stages of holozoic nutrition, which often occur in separate compartments within an organism :
  • Ingestion 
  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Assimilation and
  • Egestion.
Hence, the engulfing of food in a solid or liquid state is holozoic nutrition.
So, the correct answer is 'holozoic nutrition'.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Digestion is a .......... process

  1. Mechanical

  2. Chemical

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Digestion is the combination of mechanical as it food convert into a paste by teeth through a process called as mastication and chemical process as it requires various enzymes that break down the complex food material into simpler absorbable form.

So, the correct option is 'Both A and B'

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Defaecation is carried out by mass peristaltic movement and is a

  1. Voluntary process

  2. Involuntary process

  3. Partly voluntary and partly involuntary process

  4. Initially involuntary process then voluntary process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Defecation involves the voluntary control of the external anal sphincter, which allows an individual to decide when to pass stool, despite the peristaltic movement being involuntary.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

The inner lining of the stomach secretes

  1. Mucous

  2. Hydrochloric acid

  3. Digestive enzymes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stomach is the main food storage tank of the body. If it were not for the stomach’s storage capacity, we would have to eat constantly instead of just a few times each day. The stomach also secretes a mixture of acid, mucus, and digestive enzymes that helps to digest and sanitize our food while it is being stored. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Digestion within a digestive tract is

  1. Incomplete

  2. Extracellular

  3. The same as absorption

  4. Intracellular
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food.
  • The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food into molecules small enough to be taken up by passive diffusion, transport or phagocytosis.
  • Intracellular digestion is a form of digestion wherein the breaking down of materials into smaller components takes place inside the cell.
  • An incomplete digestive system has only one opening. The food goes in the same opening that the waste comes out.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Assertion  :  Trypsin helps in blood digestion of predator animals.

Reason  :    Trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen


  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

    is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

    not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Trypsin is protein digesting enzyme present in the intestine of animals. Though it cannot digest casein (a milk protein), in predator animals drinking the blood of their prey, trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen of blood into fibrin, leading to blood coagulation thus help in blood digestion. It also activates other pancreatic proteases.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Essentially the word digestion means

  1. Burning of food

  2. Oxidation of food

  3. Hydrolysis of food

  4. Breakdown of food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Digestion is the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be more easily absorbed and assimilated by the body. These smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Intracellular digestion occurs in human body for

  1. Lipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Sucrose

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The starch, proteins and fats in food get digested by digestive enzymes and get converted into simpler components and this type of digestion is called extracellular digestion.
  • The starches and some glycogen in food get hydrolysed inside the mouth while the food is swallowed by ptyalin or salivary amylase enzyme in the saliva.
  • So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

In a general sense, digestion is simply hydrolysis of complex polymers to monomers.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Food is one of the basic requirements of all living organisms. 
  • The major components of our food are carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Vitamins and minerals are also required in small quantities.  
  • Biomacromolecules in food cannot be utilised by our body in their original form. They have to be broken down and converted into simple substances in the digestive system. 
  • This process of conversion of complex food substances to simple absorbable forms is called digestion and is carried out by our digestive system by mechanical and biochemical methods. Hence, In a general sense, digestion is simply hydrolysis of complex polymers to monomers.
So, the correct answer is 'true'.