Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

2,002 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Pancreas has double role of

  1. Storage and digestion

  2. Digestion and absorption

  3. Digestion and endocrine activity

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The pancreas is a heterocrine gland; it functions as an exocrine gland by secreting digestive enzymes into the duodenum and as an endocrine gland by secreting hormones like insulin and glucagon into the blood.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Exocrine part of pancreas for release of pancreatic salt is stimulated by _____________.

  1. Secretin

  2. Gastrin

  3. OCK

  4. Gastric inhibitory peptide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is a hormone released by the S cells of the duodenum in response to acidic chyme entering the small intestine. It stimulates the exocrine pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice (which contains salts) to neutralize the acid. Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, CCK stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion, and GIP inhibits gastric motility.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following organs is responsible for storing excess bile produced by the liver?

  1. Gall bladder

  2. Pancreas

  3. Duodenum

  4. Spleen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gall bladder before entering the bile duct into the duodenum

So, the correct answer is 'Gall bladder'

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following digestive glands secretes a digestive juice which does not contain enzymes?

  1. Salivary

  2. Liver

  3. Pancreas

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The liver performs a variety of functions such as synthesis, storage and secretion of various substances. The liver secretes bile juice.
  • The bile secreted by the hepatic cells is released into the duodenum contains bile pigments, bilirubin and biliverdin formed by the breakdown of haemoglobin of the old RBC destroyed in the body., bile salts such as glycocholates and taurocholate of sodium and potassium, cholesterol and phospholipids but no enzymes. 
  • The bile secreted is a yellowish-green fluid that helps in the emulsification of fats. Bile is not an enzyme, but it does contain bile salts that emulsify large fat droplets. Hence, the liver is the digestive glands secretes a digestive juice which does not contain enzymes.
So, the correct answer is 'liver'.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Which of the following is not a function of bile?

  1. Bile neutralises the acidic traces of food

  2. It provides an alkaline medium for the intestinal proteases

  3. It contains a lipase

  4. Its salts emulsify fats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  1. Bile is a dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, bile helps in the digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In humans, bile is produced continuously by the liver and stored and concentrated in the gallbladder.
  2. The composition of hepatic bile is water, bile salts, bilirubin, fats (cholesterol, fatty acids, and lecithin), and inorganic salts.
  3.  Lipase is an enzyme secreted by pancreas and lipase is present in pancreatic juice. Lipase helps your body digest fats. Hence, the bile does not contain lipase.
So, the correct answer is 'it contains a lipase'.

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Digestive System
Which of the following statement is incorrect about pancreas? 

  1. It is a compound gland as it has both exocrine and endocrine part.

  2. Exocrine part secretes alkaline pancreatic juice having enzymes.

  3. Endocrine part secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon.

  4. It is surrounded by Glisson's capsule.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Each hepatic lobule of the liver is covered by a thin connective tissue sheath called the Glisson's capsule. So, the correct answer is (d).

Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Choose the correct statement.
A) The anterior surface of the pancreas faces the front of the abdomen.
B) Pancreas drain enzymes through the ampulla of Vater into the duodenum.
C) Lighter-staining cells of pancreas form clusters called acini

  1. Only A

  2. Only C

  3. Both A and B

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The pancreas is a compound (both exocrine and endocrine) elongated organ situated between the limbs of the ‘U’ shaped duodenum in the abdomen behind the stomach.
  • The anterior surface of the pancreas faces the front of the abdomen.
  •  Pancreas drain pancreatic enzymes through the ampulla of Vater into the duodenum. The ampulla of Vater is located where the bile duct and pancreatic duct join and empty into the duodenum.
  • Lighter-staining cells of the pancreas which form clusters are called Islets of Langerhans. These cells secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

Secretion of which of the following digestive gland is considered as the complete digestive juice?

  1. Liver

  2. Gall bladder

  3. Salivary gland

  4. Pancreatic acini
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Pancreatic juice is considered the complete digestive juice because of the fact that it contains enzymes for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in addition to bicarbonate ions that provide an alkaline medium. Its alkaline nature helps to neutralize the acidic chyme that comes from the stomach. It also has pancreatic amylase that converts complex polysaccharides into disaccharides and the presence of lipase enzymes helps to digest fats. Lastly, it also contains protein-digesting enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.
So the correct answer is 'Pancreatic acini'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Which of the following are secreted by duodenum or small intestine?

  1. Enterokinin

  2. Secretin

  3. Villikinin

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(A) Enterokinin is the hormone secreted by Brunner's gland activates the inactive enzyme of the pancreas and convert procarboxypeptidase into carboxypeptidase.

(B) Secretin secreted bu duodenum into blood stimulates the secretion of the pancreas and liver.
(C) VIlikinin is released by duodenal mucosa and increases the motility of villi.
So the correct option is 'All of the above.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

If the pH of duodenum decreases below $5$, then secretion of ________ stop.

  1. Secretin

  2. Enterokinase

  3. CCK

  4. Gastrin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secretin is a hormone released by the duodenum in response to low pH (acidic chyme). Its primary function is to stimulate the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich fluid to neutralize the acid. If the pH is not low, the stimulus for secretin release is absent.