Biology · Science General

Human Digestive System

2,002 Questions

The human digestive system explores the breakdown of biomacromolecules, covering organs from the stomach to the small intestine. It involves physiological processes like chyme movement, pH levels, and nutrient absorption in the gut. These fundamental biology concepts are regularly featured in medical and general science competitive exams.

Small intestine functionsBiomacromolecule breakdownStomach and digestionIntestinal bacteria

Human Digestive System Questions

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Defaecation is carried out by mass peristaltic movement and is a

  1. Voluntary process

  2. Involuntary process

  3. Partly voluntary and partly involuntary process

  4. Initially involuntary process then voluntary process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Defecation involves the voluntary control of the external anal sphincter, which allows an individual to decide when to pass stool, despite the peristaltic movement being involuntary.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

The inner lining of the stomach secretes

  1. Mucous

  2. Hydrochloric acid

  3. Digestive enzymes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The stomach is the main food storage tank of the body. If it were not for the stomach’s storage capacity, we would have to eat constantly instead of just a few times each day. The stomach also secretes a mixture of acid, mucus, and digestive enzymes that helps to digest and sanitize our food while it is being stored. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Digestion within a digestive tract is

  1. Incomplete

  2. Extracellular

  3. The same as absorption

  4. Intracellular
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food.
  • The enzymes catalyze the digestion of the food into molecules small enough to be taken up by passive diffusion, transport or phagocytosis.
  • Intracellular digestion is a form of digestion wherein the breaking down of materials into smaller components takes place inside the cell.
  • An incomplete digestive system has only one opening. The food goes in the same opening that the waste comes out.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Assertion  :  Trypsin helps in blood digestion of predator animals.

Reason  :    Trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen


  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

    is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

    not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Trypsin is protein digesting enzyme present in the intestine of animals. Though it cannot digest casein (a milk protein), in predator animals drinking the blood of their prey, trypsin hydrolyzes fibrinogen of blood into fibrin, leading to blood coagulation thus help in blood digestion. It also activates other pancreatic proteases.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Essentially the word digestion means

  1. Burning of food

  2. Oxidation of food

  3. Hydrolysis of food

  4. Breakdown of food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Digestion is the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be more easily absorbed and assimilated by the body. These smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Intracellular digestion occurs in human body for

  1. Lipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Sucrose

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The starch, proteins and fats in food get digested by digestive enzymes and get converted into simpler components and this type of digestion is called extracellular digestion.
  • The starches and some glycogen in food get hydrolysed inside the mouth while the food is swallowed by ptyalin or salivary amylase enzyme in the saliva.
  • So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

In which of the following organisms, extracellular as well as intracellular digestion occurs?

  1. Paramecium

  2. Planaria

  3. Earthworm

  4. All the given options
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Planaria, digestion involves both the modes, ie, extracellular as well as intracellular. Fats are normally digested extracellularly, while other food components are digested intracellularly.
The intracellular digestion is done by amoeboid cells lining the intestine. Digested food diffuses to the surrounding mesenchyme. 

Thus the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

In Cnidarians, digestion occurs in the gastro-vascular cavity and then inside endodermal cells. In sponges, digestion takes place in

  1. Paragastric cavity and choanocytes

  2. Spongocoel and Food vacuoles

  3. Choanocytes and Amoebocytes

  4. Spongocoel and Amoebocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The digestion in sponges is intracellular. It takes place in coenocytic oral cells. The movement of water initiated by the coenocyteS. It helps in the digestion and respiratory system of sponges because along with the water they also transport oxygen. They then push out carbon dioxide which is a waste material out of the sponge body.

Choanocytes make up the third layer in sponges. The first layer gives sponges pores and the second layer gives the shape. The mobile layer which is also known as amebocyte work in concent with choanocytes to feed sponges.
So, the correct option is 'Paragastric cavity and choanocytes'

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

In a general sense, digestion is simply hydrolysis of complex polymers to monomers.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Food is one of the basic requirements of all living organisms. 
  • The major components of our food are carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Vitamins and minerals are also required in small quantities.  
  • Biomacromolecules in food cannot be utilised by our body in their original form. They have to be broken down and converted into simple substances in the digestive system. 
  • This process of conversion of complex food substances to simple absorbable forms is called digestion and is carried out by our digestive system by mechanical and biochemical methods. Hence, In a general sense, digestion is simply hydrolysis of complex polymers to monomers.
So, the correct answer is 'true'.

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

When the milk has been pasteurised successfully, the milk will no longer contain the enzyme.

  1. Polymerase

  2. Phosphatase

  3. Peroxidase

  4. Pyrimidinase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The phosphatase test is used to verify the effectiveness of pasteurization. Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme naturally present in raw milk that is destroyed at the same temperatures required to kill pathogens.