Historical Dates and Events

Alexander the Great invaded India in 326 BC and stayed for approximately 19 months before his army refused to continue further east. This period includes his battles against King Porus, most notably the Battle of Hydaspes, and his campaign in the Punjab region before he turned back towards Babylon.

Muttiah Muralitharan, the legendary Sri Lankan cricketer, was born on April 17, 1972, in Kandy, Sri Lanka. He holds the record for the highest number of wickets in both Test and ODI cricket. Option D correctly states his birth date.

After losing everything in the dice game (chauser) orchestrated by Shakuni, the Pandavas were sentenced to 12 years of forest exile (vanvasa) followed by 1 year of incognito living (agyatvasa), totaling 13 years of exile from their kingdom.

The American Civil War began in 1861 when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter. 1454 and 456 AD are centuries off. 1995 is in the future and unrelated to this 19th century conflict.

Henry VI became King of England in 1422 at just 9 months old, making him 1 year old. This made him one of the youngest monarchs in English history. The other options (1000, 9000, 10000) are absurdly large numbers clearly meant as distractors.

The Kurukshetra war, as described in the Mahabharata, lasted for 18 days. This was a catastrophic conflict between the Pandavas and Kauravas in which millions of soldiers were killed. Each day featured specific battles and the war ended with the Pandavas' victory on the 18th day.

The Kurukshetra war, the central conflict in the Mahabharata, lasted for 18 days. Each day featured intense battles between the Pandava and Kaurava armies, with the war concluding on the 18th day. The number 18 is sacred in Hindu mythology and appears throughout the epic.

The Kalinga War was fought in 261 BC between Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Empire and the kingdom of Kalinga (modern-day Odisha). This brutal conquest caused Ashoka great remorse and led to his conversion to Buddhism and non-violence. The war marked a turning point in Indian history and Ashoka's reign.

The dating of the Ramayana is debated among scholars, but most historians place its composition between the 5th and 4th century BCE (around 400 BCE). While some traditional sources suggest much earlier dates, academic consensus favors the later period. 4000 BC and 1780 BC are too early for the text as we know it.

The Battle of Waterloo was fought on 18 June 1815, resulting in Napoleon's final defeat. This date is well-documented in historical records. The year was 1815, not 1855 or 1757, and it was the 18th, not the 19th of June.

The three Battles of Panipat were fought in 1526 (Babur vs. Ibrahim Lodi), 1556 (Bairam Khan/Hemu vs. Adil Shah's forces), and 1761 (Ahmad Shah Abdali vs. Marathas). Option C correctly lists all three dates in chronological order.