Biology

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

2,033 Questions

Genetic engineering and biotechnology involve modifying organism DNA to develop transgenic crops, medical treatments, and industrial solutions. This field covers essential techniques like hybridoma technology, molecular markers, and gene transfer in eukaryotic cells. These biology topics are essential for aspirants preparing for various competitive examinations.

Genetic engineering techniquesTransgenic organismsIndustrial biotechnologyGMOs and bioremediation

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following approaches comes under the category of biotechnology?

  1. Use of living organisms or substances obtained from them in industrial process.

  2. Use of modern technology to investigate biological disorders.

  3. Use of industrial technology to increase the biosphere.

  4. Modernizing the commercial industries to produce products for use in biological research.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology (sometimes shortened to biotech) is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products, and it is usually seen in agriculture, food production and medicine production. 

Multiple choice

Cosmid is a vector used in

  1. subcloning and downstream manipulation

  2. genomic DNA cloning

  3. genomic library construction

  4. analysis of large genomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the major application of cosmid.

Multiple choice

Red biotechnology is the term used to address

  1. biological problems using computational techniques

  2. biotechnology applied to agricultural processes

  3. biotechnology applied to medical processes

  4. biotechnology applied to industrial purposes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Biotechnology applied to medical processes is addressed to red biotechnology. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an influential condition encountered in researches involving recombinant DNA technology?

  1. Negative pressure air locks in laboratories.

  2. Experiments should be done in laminar-flow hoods with filtered air.

  3. Experiments should be done in laminar-flow hoods with exhaust air.

  4. Vectors are genetically designed to increase the probability of dissemination of rDNA outside laboratory.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vectors are genetically designed to decrease the probability of dissemination of recombinant DNA outside laboratory, because it prevents their survival in the outer environment.

Multiple choice

The monoclonal antibodies are developed by

  1. hybridoma

  2. gene silencing

  3. finger printing

  4. transgenesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hybridoma technology is the standard method for producing monoclonal antibodies by fusing B-lymphocytes with myeloma cells. This creates immortalized cell lines that secrete specific antibodies.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following correctly explains the term 'chimaera'?

  1. Breaking a part of chromosome segment during mutation

  2. During mutation at segregation, chromosomes become equally distributed

  3. Development of genetically diverse tissues in the same organism

  4. Spontaneously induced deletions

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chimaera is composed of genetically diverse tissues in most cases in a plant more rarely in an animal.

Multiple choice

In genetic engineering, recombinant DNA means

  1. DNA not associated with recombination

  2. DNA which takes part in recombination

  3. DNA with a piece of foreign DNA

  4. DNA with a piece of RNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The term recombinant DNA is applied to DNA molecules produced by in vitro ligation of DNA from two different organisms.

Multiple choice

Cultivation of Bt cotton has been much in the news. The prefix Bt means

  1. barium-treated cotton seeds

  2. bigger thread variety of cotton with better tensile strength

  3. that it is produced by biotechnology using restriction enzymes and ligases

  4. that it is carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct choice. It is Bacillus thuringiensis.