Environmental Studies · Biology

Environmental Health and Toxicology

1,658 Questions

Access targeted questions on environmental health, pollution impacts, and toxicology fundamentals. The topics cover the health effects of air pollution, radiation, and chemical exposure. This material is highly relevant for environmental science tests and general awareness sections of competitive exams.

Air pollution health effectsPesticide exposure risksOzone depletion impactsEnvironmental epidemiologySkin inflammation conditions

Environmental Health and Toxicology Questions

Multiple choice evs - i drugs effects of smoking smoking tobacco busy at work - our internal organs

A harmful effect of smoking is

  1. Baldness

  2. Yelllowing of eyes

  3. Lung cancer

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
In about 80-90% of the deaths that occur due to lung cancer, smoking is the main reason. Cigarette smoke has carcinogens i.e. cancer causing agents. When cigarette smoke is inhaled, changes occur in lung tissue. The cells of lungs are damaged. These cells are repaired by body itself but as more and more cells are damaged and repaired by body, the cells act abnormally and this may result in abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells leading to cancer.
So, the correct answer is 'Lung cancer'.
Multiple choice evs - i drugs effects of smoking smoking tobacco busy at work - our internal organs

Heavy smokers are most likely to suffer from

  1. Asthma

  2. Silicosis

  3. Emphysema

  4. Anosmia

  5. Bronchitis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Emphysema is a progressive, incurable chronic lung infection. The air sacs or the alveoli are destroyed and oxygen uptake is restricted due to the loss of elasticity of lung tissue.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Emphysema'.

Multiple choice zoology heredity and variation effects of smoking smoking tobacco drugs

Addiction of smoking leads to

  1. Lung cancer

  2. Bronchitis

  3. Emphysema

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.
Emphysema is a form of chronic lung disease, usually caused by smoking.
Bronchitis is caused by tobacco smoke, dust, fumes, vapors and air pollution.
Changes in lung tissue begin when one inhale cigarette smoke.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs effects of smoking smoking tobacco drugs

 Smoking cigarette is harmful because

  1. It causes cancer.

  2. It causes cardiovascular problems.

  3. It causes bronchitis.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Cigarette-smoking is harmful because
  • It causes cancer.
  • It causes cardiovascular problems.
  • It causes bronchitis.
Cigarettes, cigars, and pipe tobacco are made from dried tobacco leaves, and ingredients are added for flavor and to make smoking more pleasant. The smoke from these products is a complex mixture of chemicals produced by the burning of tobacco and its additives. Tobacco smoke is made up of more than 7,000 chemicals, including over 70 known to cause cancer (carcinogens). Some of these substances cause heart and lung diseases, too, and all of them can be deadly. You might be surprised to know some of the chemicals found in tobacco smoke include:
  • Cyanide
  • Benzene
  • Formaldehyde
  • Methanol (wood alcohol)
  • Acetylene (the fuel used in welding torches)
  • Ammonia
Tobacco smoke also contains tar and the poison gases carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. The ingredient that produces the effect people are looking for is nicotine, an addictive drug and one of the harshest chemicals in tobacco smoke.
The tobacco leaves used to make cigarettes and cigars contain radioactive materials; the amount depends on the soil the plants were grown in and fertilizers used. But this means that the smoke contains small amounts of radioactive material, too, which smokers take into their lungs as they inhale. These radioactive particles build up in the lungs, and over time can mean a big dose of radiation. This may be another key factor in smokers getting lung cancer.
Multiple choice zoology respiration effects of smoking smoking tobacco drugs

Which out of the following addiction is the most harmful for the respiratory system?

  1. Smoking

  2. Chewing pan

  3. Chewing gutkha

  4. Alcohol consumption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Addiction is a phenomenon in which there is physical or psychological need to do, take or use something. The various addictions are smoking, chewing pan, chewing gutkha, alcohol, etc. Out of these addictions, the most harmful addiction for the respiratory system is smoking. It causes respiratory diseases like bronchitis, emphysema, laryngitis, breathlessnes, lung irritation. Its continuous use also causes permanent damage to the alveoli of the lungs. Nicotine is the addictive drug which is used in cigarettes.  

Thus, the correct answer is 'Smoking.'

Multiple choice zoology environmental pollution primary air pollutants air pollution - types and sources not for breathing not for drinking

One of the effects of dust pollution is to cause

  1. Yellowing of leaves

  2. Opening of stomata

  3. Closure of stomata

  4. Folding of leaves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Dust pollution can be caused by any form of dirt like near roads, quarries, cement works and other industrial areas. This type of pollution apart from screening out sunlight blocks the stomata and lowers their conductance to CO$ _2$, simultaneously interfering with photosystem II and thus curtails photosynthesis.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice biology environmental pollution control of water pollution protecting our environment rules are for everyone

Contamination of ground water by which chemical causes skin cancer

  1. Cadmium

  2. Silicon

  3. Arsenic

  4. CFC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Drinking arsenic-rich water over a long period results in various health effects including skin problems (such as color changes on the skin, and hard patches on the palms and soles of the feet), skin cancer, cancers of the bladder, kidney and lung, and diseases of the blood vessels of the legs and feet, and possibly also diabetes, high blood pressure and reproductive disorders.

So, the correct answer is 'Arsenic'.

Multiple choice biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

The carcinogenic ingredient of tobacco smoke is

  1. Nicotine

  2. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

  3. Carbon monoxide

  4. Tar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat.
They are the carcinogenic or cancer-causing substance in the tobacco smoke.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology respiratory system of human diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases

Smoking can result in 

  1. Fever

  2. Death

  3. Head ache

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Smoking is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Smoking still remains one of the leading causes of preventable death. Smoking has the dubious distinction of affecting all the systems from head to foot. Cigarette smoking causes many types of cancer. It also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy can lead to delivery complications and increase the risk of health problems in the newborn. Quitting smoking significantly reduces the health risks caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. 

So, the correct answer is 'Death'.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance non-infectious diseases health and its maintenance

Which one of the following has a long term effect on the health of an individual?

  1. Common cold

  2. Chicken pox

  3. Chewing tobacco

  4. Stress
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) belongs to family Solanaceae, is a silent long term killer can be consumed in a variety of ways like smoking, chewing, sniffing etc. Nicotine is a highly poisonous substance found in tobacco that increases pulse rate and blood pressure. It also increases stomach acidity, which is accompanied by a lack of appetite. Over time, tobacco users can look forward to such serious risks as narrowing or hardening of the arteries, respiratory infections, emphysema, stomach ulcers, chronic cough, and cancer of the mouth, throat, and lungs.

Multiple choice political science indian foreign policy india's foreign policy foreign policy of india and india's relations with the neighbouring countries foreign relations

Testing and piling of nuclear weapons leads to __________.

  1. Depletion of resources

  2. Degradation of environment

  3. Harmful effect on human health

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The effects of testing and piling of nuclear weapons are as follows:-

1. The radioactive elements present in the nuclear weapon causes immense pollution in the environment. It increases the radiation levels in the groundwater and degrades the aquatic life.
2. The radioactive isotopes which are released in the large amount during nuclear test cause thyroid cancer.
3. The places where a nuclear test is carried out become unfit for living as well as for the vegetation.
4. Nuclear test leads to depletion of natural resources like land, water, forests, fauna, and flora.