Environmental Health and Toxicology

Exposure to $H _2S$ causes eye irritation thereby causes tearing of eyes. 

The pollen triggers these cells in nasal chambers, causing them to release histamine and the other chemicals. Histamine dilates the small blood vessels of the nose and fluids leak out into surrounding tissues causing allergy symptoms.

Exposure to heavy metals like cadmium is a known environmental risk factor for prostate cancer, as it can interfere with DNA repair mechanisms.

Asbestosis is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic medical condition affecting the parenchymal tissue of the lungs caused by the inhalation and retention of asbestos fibers.

Asbestosis is a known risk factor for lung carcinoma and mesothelioma. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria, not a direct consequence of asbestos fiber inhalation.

Bioindicators are living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms that are used as indicators. They are used for knowing the different content of an ecosystem such as minerals, oxygen demand, air pollution. Lichens are used for knowing air pollution. Algae bloom indicates large amount of nitrates and phosphates in lakes and rivers.

Acid rains: when the concentrations of oxides of nitrogen and sulphur increases in the air, rain water gets mixed up with these oxides to form acid rains.

Among the given options all are apt for the effects of acid rain except that it causes damage to the septic system.

It cannot cause damage to the septic system because most of the septic systems are underground and polluting such system with acids do not cause any adverse reaction to the environment.

Accelerated chemical weathering of building materials, damage to forests and crops, damage to aquatic organisms are the immediate effects of acid rains

Radioactive pollution primarily impacts health, contributing to the rise of illnesses such as lung cancer, skin cancer and thyroid cancer, along with birth defects and cognitive disabilities. The type and severity of effects from radioactive pollution vary, depending on the quantity of pollution and amount of exposure. Long-term exposure might cause an increase in the number of genetic birth defects and mutations in a population, while acute exposure poses health risks, such as higher incidences of cancer within a population.

The type and severity of effects from radioactive pollution vary, depending on the quantity of pollution and amount of exposure. Long-term exposure might cause an increase in the number of genetic birth defects and mutations in a population, while acute exposure poses health risks, such as higher incidences of cancer within a population.

Noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects.

Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with normal activities such as sleeping, conversation, or disrupts or diminishes one's quality of life.

Noise pollution is known to have various adverse effects on human health, including stress, sleep disturbance, and other mental or physiological issues.

Noise pollution refers to excessive or harmful levels of sound that can damage the auditory system. Prolonged exposure to high-intensity noise is a primary cause of hearing loss or deafness.

DDT is an organochlorine pollutant used as insecticides and has several environmental impacts. Chemicals in DDT do not degrade easily and remain in the soil for a long time after its application because it cannot be broken down by the action of microorganism and thus persists and is lethal to human and animal life.