English Grammar and Usage

The word 'first' suggests this was the initial occurrence of going to Ooty, referring to a completed past action. Simple past 'went' is appropriate. 'Goes' is present habitual, 'had gone' would need another past reference point, and 'had been going' suggests repeated past actions; none fit as well as simple past for this first completed action.

The patient died before the doctor arrived, so we need past perfect 'had died' to show the earlier action. Past perfect places the death before the arrival in the past sequence. 'Has died' is present perfect (connects to now), 'will die' is future, and 'would die' is conditional, all incorrect for showing what happened before another past event.

This is reported speech where 'I asked' is past tense, so the reported clause needs to shift back in time. The original question would have been 'Will you permit me?' In reported form, this becomes 'would permit'. 'Permitted' loses the modal meaning, 'was permitted' is passive voice incorrectly used, and 'had permitted' places it too far in the past without the appropriate context.

The action happened in the past, so use simple past tense. 'Stepped' is the correct past form of 'step'. Present continuous (is stepping) would mean the action is happening right now, and past perfect (had stepped) would require another past event to compare to.

'Has taken' (present perfect) indicates an action that happened at an unspecified time before now and has present relevance. 'Taking' is present participle (needs 'is'), 'had been taking' is past perfect continuous (requires a duration context), and 'took' is simple past (less precise without time marker).

The sentence uses passive voice ('was' + past participle). 'Awarded' is the past participle of 'award'. 'Awarding' is present participle, 'being awarded' would need 'is being', and 'been awarded' is incomplete without 'has' or 'had'.

This is future passive voice: 'will be' + past participle. For execution by hanging, the correct past participle is 'hanged' (regular conjugation for this meaning). 'Hang' for suspension uses 'hung', but execution always uses 'hanged'.

The sentence requires passive voice: 'was' + past participle. 'Chosen' is the past participle of 'choose'. 'Chose' is simple past (active), 'choosing' is present participle, and 'been chose' is grammatically incorrect.

'Yesterday' indicates a specific past time, requiring simple past tense. 'Wrote' is the simple past of 'write'. Present perfect forms ('has written', 'have written') connect past to present and don't use specific time markers.

The sentence uses passive voice meaning 'she is acquainted with me'. 'Is known' is the correct passive form. 'Knew' is active simple past, 'is knowing' is present continuous (stative verb 'know' doesn't usually use continuous), and 'has known' would require duration context.

We use 'contented with' to express satisfaction with what one has. 'Contented at' and 'contented on' are not standard English patterns. 'As' would change the meaning entirely, suggesting he equals his lot rather than being satisfied with it.

We say something is shining 'in' the sky when it's positioned within the visible space above. 'On' would imply resting on a surface, which the sky doesn't have. 'To' and 'of' don't make spatial sense here. The sun is located within the sky's expanse.

for Tom’s – to Tom’s It is future tense.

Use of ‘yesterday’ shows that it is a past tense.

The problem in the second sentence is of misplaced modifier which in the first clearly modifies the noun 'book' which had a black cover.