Biology · Science General

Disease Causative Agents

2,531 Questions

Disease causative agents questions test your understanding of viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, along with their transmission methods. These are common topics in general science sections of SSC and railways exams. Practice these questions to accurately identify disease pathogens and symptoms.

Viral diseasesFoodborne illnessesDisease transmission methodsExtrinsic disease factorsCommon pathogens

Disease Causative Agents Questions

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Common enteritis infection in India occurs by

  1. Mosquito bite

  2. Viruses

  3. Ingesting cysts with food and drinks

  4. Eating spice rich food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Enteritis is most often caused by ingesting cysts with food and drinks that are contaminated with the cyst of bacteria or viruses. The germs settle in the small intestine and cause inflammation and swelling.


So, the correct option is ' Ingesting cysts with food and drinks'.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Microorganisms commonly causing diarrhoeal diseases are 

  1. Escherichia coli, Shigella, Campylobacter and Bacillus pertussis

  2. Clostridium tetani, Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli

  3. Escherichia coli, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella

  4. Neisseria, Treponema, Escherichia, Giardia, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Diarrhoea is a common symptom of gastrointestinal infections caused by a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and protozoa. However, just a handful of organisms are responsible for most acute cases of childhood diarrhoea.  Other major bacterial pathogens include E. coli, Shigella, Campylobacter and Salmonella, along with V. cholerae during epidemics.

So, the correct option is 'Option C'.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

When children play bare footed in pools of dirty water and flood water, they may suffer from diseases like

  1. Leptospirusis and bilharzia

  2. Malaria, amoebic dysentery and leptospirosis

  3. Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

  4. Guinea worm infection, elephantiasis and amoebic dysentery
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When children play bare footed in pools of dirty water and flood water, they may suffer from diseases like Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Consider the statements.
A. 'Oral Rehydration Solution' (ORS) should be given to cholera or diarrhoea patients at regular intervals.
B. Poliovirus is transmitted through food or water and ultimately affect central nervous system.
C. E.coli and Shigella bacteria are responsible for diarrhoea disease.
D. Rhinoviruses are responsible for common cold.
The correct statements are

  1. A and D

  2. A and B

  3. A, C and D

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rehydration can be accomplished using solutions with higher sodium, i.e., 75-90 mmol/L. These are termed rehydration solutions (ORS). High sodium rehydrating solutions used to treat acute dehydration may be used for maintenance by giving the solution alternately on a 1-to-1 basis with a no-sodium or low-sodium fluid such as water or breast milk. Poliovirus is usually spread from person to person through infected faeces entering the mouth. It may also be spread by food or water containing human faeces and ultimately reaches the central nervous system (CNS). Virulent Escherichia coli strains cause either non inflammatory diarrhoea (watery diarrhoea) or inflammatory diarrhoea (dysentery with stools usually containing blood, mucus and leukocytes). Shigella is one of the leading bacterial causes of diarrhoea worldwide. The characteristic clinical syndrome associated with rhinovirus infection is the common cold. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Two communicable diseases prevalent in developing countries caused by unsafe drinking water and bad sanitation are

  1. Acute diarrhoea and cancer

  2. Diarrhoea and schistosomiasis

  3. Onchocerciasis and leukaemia

  4. Rheumatism and malaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Schistosomiasis infection is acquired when people come into contact with fresh water infested with the larval forms of parasitic blood flukes, known as schistosomes. The microscopic adult worms live in the veins draining the urinary tract and intestines. Eggs from the mature worms are passed out (excreted) in the faeces or urine of an infected person. These eggs can get into fresh water if it is contaminated with human sewage. Symptoms can be bloody diarrhoea, abdominal pain, right upper quadrant pain, cramps.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

One of the following is not a common disorder associated with digestive system.

  1. Tetanus

  2. Diarrhoea

  3. Jaundice

  4. Dysentery
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tetanus also called lockjaw disease is a serious bacterial infection that causes painful muscle spasms and can even lead to death, while diarrhea, jaundice, dysentery are disorders related to the digestive system.

So, the correct option is 'Tetanus'.

Multiple choice biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

Which one of the following diseases is not due to contamination of water ?

  1. Hepatitis-B

  2. Jaundice

  3. Cholera

  4. Typhoid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hepatitis B is a viral infection. It shows symptoms like nausea, vomiting, weakness, fatigue, etc. It is a type of liver infection that develops liver cirrhosis at a later stage. It also increases the risk of developing liver failure or cancer. It is spread through sexual contact or from mother to fetus. 

So, option A is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

Describe the causative agent,symptoms,treatment and preventive measure of any two of the following human diseases:

  1. Dysentery

  2. Dengue fever

  3. Pneumonia

  4. Filaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Dysentery:
Causative agent-Entamoeba histolytica 
Symptoms- Constipation, abdominal pain and cramps, stools with mucus and blood.
Treatment and preventive measure- 
Useful drugs are metronidazole or tinidazole.
Avoiding contaminated food and water as these are the main source of infection. Houseflies are the mechanical carriers and transmit the parasite from the infected person to the foods and contaminate them.

Filariasis:
Causative agent- filarial nematodes, Wuchereria bancrofti and Wuchereria malayi  . The infection is caused by different species of mosquitoes like Culex, Aedes etc.
Symptoms- when the larvae of the parasite enter the human body through the bite of a mosquito and migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system and then to lymph nodes and then to large lymph vessels and obstruct the flow.There is oedema of the affected area. The lower extremities swell and resemble the feet of an elephant. Genital organs are also often affected and get deformed.
Treatment and preventive measure-
Useful drugs heterozan, MSF and diethylcarbamazine.
Also, it's important to protect from the bite of a mosquito as they are the main vectors of this parasite.

Multiple choice biology hygiene - a key to healthy life water borne disease basics of water pollution sewage treatment

which of the following is not a water borne disease?

  1. Diarrhea

  2. gastroenteritis

  3. Typhoid

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Several diseases specially diarrhea, gastroenteritis, typhoid, dysentery are very common in areas deficient in proper water supply.
At many places, water from hand -pumps and other sources is contaminated. At certain places, harmful mineral contents in water obtained through wells or
hand pumps cause health problems.

Multiple choice biology for a pollution free nation water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life basics of water pollution

Which is not a water borne disease?

  1. Asthma

  2. Cholera

  3. Amoebiasis

  4. Typhoid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory (allergic) disease of the airways of the lungs. It is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. Symptoms include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. These episodes may occur a few times a day or a few times per week. There is no cure for asthma. Symptoms can be prevented by avoiding triggers, such as allergens and irritants, and by the use of inhaled corticosteroids.

So, the correct answer is 'Asthma'.

Multiple choice biology for a pollution free nation water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life basics of water pollution

Which of the following is a water borne disease?

  1. T.B

  2. Hepatitis

  3. Small pox

  4. Cancer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver tissue. Symptoms include yellow discolouration of the skin and whites of the eyes, poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, or diarrhoea. Hepatitis may be caused by viruses. There are five main types of viral hepatitis - type A, B, C, D, and E.. Hepatitis A and E are mainly spread by contaminated food and water. Hepatitis B is mainly sexually transmitted.  Both hepatitis B and C are commonly spread through infected blood such as may occur during needle sharing by intravenous drug users. Hepatitis D can only infect people already infected with hepatitis B.

So, the correct answer is 'Hepatitis'.

Multiple choice biology for a pollution free nation water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life basics of water pollution

Diarrhea is an example of 

  1. Air borne disease

  2. Water borne disease

  3. Soil borne disease

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Several diseases specially diarrhea, gastroenteritis, typhoid, dysentery are very common in areas deficient in proper water supply.
At many places, water from hand -pumps and other sources is contaminated. At certain places, harmful mineral contents in water obtained through wells or
hand pumps cause health problems.