Computer Fundamentals and System Concepts

An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system to function. The operating system and application software are essential and co-related to each other and are required to run a computer efficiently. The computer can work without a mouse as in case of laptops, notebooks, tablets, etc. which is an external input device in which touch pad is inbuilt.

A driver is a small piece of software that tells the operating system and other software how to communicate with a piece of hardware.

A set of instructions that a computer uses to carry out its tasks is called a computer program. A computer program can also be called a software program. These programs consist of programming codes to tell the computer what to do.

To delete means to remove or erase something. The computer removes documents without any warning.

The compaq portable, the first portable compatible computer of IBM.

A complete PC system requires both hardware components (CPU, memory, storage, motherboard) and software (operating system, drivers, applications) to function. Neither hardware alone nor software alone makes an operational computer. Input/output (option B) and specific peripherals like keyboards/printers (option C) are subsets of hardware.

Library management software in software development refers to version control systems that track all changes made to programs over time and maintain version numbering. This enables developers to collaborate, revert to previous versions if needed, and understand the evolution of the codebase.

Correct answer is (1). 

In systems theory, a system is defined as a set of interconnected components (peripherals, option A) working together through logical relationships (option C) toward a common goal (option D). Electric supply (option B) is external infrastructure that powers the system but is not part of the system itself: it would continue to exist even if the specific system were removed.

Third generation computers (1965-1971) used integrated circuits (ICs) instead of discrete transistors, making them smaller, faster, more reliable, and less expensive. This era saw the emergence of minicomputers and time-sharing systems.

A grid supercomputer is created by networking many small computers together to work in parallel, combining their computational power. ASCI White was a specific supercomputer, LAN is local area network, and 'Network super' is not a standard term.

Servers are fast computers that run various software's, store and process information and also provide a human interface to the user to use the networked computers.

In this computing, idle PCs across a network or across the internet are tapped to provide computing power for large processor-intensive projects.

The Load Accumulator Indirect (LDAX) and Store Accumulator Indirect (STAX) instructions provide a means of moving data between the accumulator and a memory location indirectly, with the RAM address contained in either the BC or DE register pair.

The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers.