Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,880 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen than they actually are?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Availability bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Availability bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen than they actually are. This can lead to a distorted view of reality and make it difficult to assess the risks and benefits of different political policies.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to oneself than to others?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Personalization bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Personalization bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to oneself than to others. This can lead to a distorted view of reality and make it difficult to understand the perspectives of others.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to one's own group than to other groups?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Group-serving bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Group-serving bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to one's own group than to other groups. This can lead to a distorted view of reality and make it difficult to understand the perspectives of others.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to one's own country than to other countries?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Nationalism bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nationalism bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen to one's own country than to other countries. This can lead to a distorted view of reality and make it difficult to understand the perspectives of others.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen in the future than they are in the present?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Futurism bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Futurism bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen in the future than they are in the present. This can lead to a distorted view of reality and make it difficult to prioritize political issues.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen in the past than they are in the present?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Selective perception

  3. Hindsight bias

  4. Presentism bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Presentism bias is the tendency to believe that political events and issues are more likely to happen in the past than they are in the present. This can lead to a distorted view of history and make it difficult to understand the perspectives of others.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to focus on negative aspects of life and experience more negative emotions?

  1. Positivity Bias

  2. Negativity Bias

  3. Emotional Dysregulation

  4. Anhedonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Negativity Bias refers to the inclination to attend to and remember negative information more readily than positive information.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to experience positive emotions more intensely and frequently than negative emotions?

  1. Positivity Bias

  2. Negativity Bias

  3. Emotional Dysregulation

  4. Anhedonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Positivity Bias refers to the inclination to focus on positive aspects of life and experience more positive emotions.

Multiple choice

How does group judgment differ from individual judgment?

  1. Group judgment is more accurate.

  2. Group judgment is more reliable.

  3. Group judgment is more efficient.

  4. Group judgment is more creative.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Group judgment is generally considered to be more reliable than individual judgment because it is less susceptible to biases and errors.

Multiple choice

What are the potential disadvantages of group judgment?

  1. Groupthink.

  2. Social loafing.

  3. Domination by a few members.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Group judgment can be susceptible to groupthink, social loafing, and domination by a few members, which can lead to biased and erroneous decisions.

Multiple choice

What is groupthink?

  1. A phenomenon in which group members strive for consensus at the expense of critical thinking.

  2. A phenomenon in which group members conform to the opinions of the majority.

  3. A phenomenon in which group members suppress their own opinions in order to avoid conflict.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Groupthink is a phenomenon in which group members strive for consensus at the expense of critical thinking, conform to the opinions of the majority, and suppress their own opinions in order to avoid conflict.

Multiple choice

What are some of the factors that can influence group judgment?

  1. The size of the group.

  2. The composition of the group.

  3. The task at hand.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Group judgment can be influenced by a number of factors, including the size of the group, the composition of the group, and the task at hand.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency of eyewitnesses to be more confident in their identification of a suspect when they are shown a lineup that includes a photo of the suspect?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Hindsight bias

  3. Illusory correlation

  4. Source monitoring error
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Confirmation bias is the tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs and to ignore information that contradicts them. In the context of eyewitness testimony, this can lead to witnesses being more confident in their identification of a suspect when they are shown a lineup that includes a photo of the suspect, even if the suspect is not actually the person they saw.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency of eyewitnesses to remember events in a way that is consistent with their expectations or beliefs?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Hindsight bias

  3. Illusory correlation

  4. Source monitoring error
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hindsight bias is the tendency to remember events in a way that is consistent with our expectations or beliefs, even if those expectations or beliefs were not present at the time of the event. In the context of eyewitness testimony, this can lead to witnesses remembering events in a way that is consistent with their expectations about how the event should have happened, rather than how it actually happened.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency of eyewitnesses to mistakenly attribute a memory to a particular source?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Hindsight bias

  3. Illusory correlation

  4. Source monitoring error
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Source monitoring error is the tendency of eyewitnesses to mistakenly attribute a memory to a particular source. This can occur when the witness is unable to remember the source of the memory, or when the witness is misled by information that is presented after the event. For example, an eyewitness may mistakenly attribute a memory of a crime to a news report that they saw about the crime, even if they did not actually witness the crime.