Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,277 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

In the ionic solid $NH _4NO _3$, ions present are:

  1. $NH _4^+$ and $NO^- _3$
  2. $N^{5+}, H^+$ and $O^{2-}$
  3. $NH _4^-, N^{5+}$ and $O^{2-}$
  4. $NH _3, H^+$ and $NO _3^-$
  5. $N^{5+}, N^{3-}, H^+$ and $O^{2-}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the ionic solid ammonium nitrate $NH _4NO _3$,  ions present are ammonium $NH _4^+$   and nitrate $NO^- _3$. Strong electrostatic force of attraction is present between oppositely charged ions.

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

What is a metallic bonding?

  1. The chemical bonding that takes place from the attraction of metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons.

  2. The chemical bonding that takes place from the attraction of metal atoms and the other elements.

  3. The chemical bonding that takes place between metal atoms when they share electrons.

  4. The chemical bonding between electrons.

  5. The chemical bonding that takes place between metal atoms when they transfer electrons.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Metallic bonding: The chemical bonding that takes place from the attraction of metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons.
Metallic bonding is the force of attraction between valence electrons and metal ions. It is the sharing of many detached electrons between many positive ions, where the electrons act as a "glue" giving the substance a definite structure. It is unlike covalent or ionic bonding

The electrons and the positive ions in the metal have a strong attractive force between them. Therefore, metals often have high melting or boiling points. The principle is similar to that of ionic bonds.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{E}$

Multiple choice chemistry solid state classification of crystalline solids classification of solids introduction to solids

Silicon carbide is a giant molecule having:

  1. covalent bond

  2. ionic bond

  3. molecular bond

  4. van der waal bond
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Electronegativity of silicon $= 1.9$
Electronegativity of carbon $= 2.55$
Electronegativity difference $= 2.55 - 1.9 = 0.65$ (Low) (less than $1.6$)
Hence the bond between $Si$ and $C$ in silicon carbon $(SiC)$ in covalent.
Multiple choice thermodynamic principles of metallurgy general principles and processes of isolation of elements metallurgy chemistry

Which of these compounds does not exist?

  1. $CuCl _2$
  2. $CuI _2$
  3. $CuF _2$
  4. $CuBr _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Since, $CuCl _2$, $CuF _2$, $CuBr _2$ are stable and they exist but $CuI _2$ not, because Iodide ions are strong reducing agents, Therefore, copper (II) Iodide reduces to insoluble copper (I) iodide. Thus $CuI _2$ is not stable, so it does not exist in solution.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which of the following compounds will not give ammonia on heating?

  1. $(NH _{4}) _{2}SO _{4}$
  2. $(NH _{4}) _{2}CO _{3}$
  3. $NH _{4}NO _{2}$
  4. $NH _{4}Cl$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$NH _4NO _2$  will not give ammonia on heating.It gives $NO _2H _2O$

$NH _4NO _2(s)\rightarrow N _2(g) + 2H _2O(g)$

.

Hence option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Which of the following compounds do not give ammonia on reaction with water?

  1. ${ Mg } _{ 3 }{ N } _{ 2 }$
  2. $AlN$
  3. $CaC{ N } _{ 2 }$
  4. $Ca{ \left( CN \right) } _{ 2 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calcium cyanamide (CaCN2) reacts with water to produce calcium carbonate and ammonia, but calcium cyanide (Ca(CN)2) does not produce ammonia upon hydrolysis; it typically produces hydrogen cyanide.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

 Which compound does not give ammonia gas on reaction with water ?

  1. $ \mathrm{M}\mathrm{g} _{3}\mathrm{N} _{2}$
  2. $ \mathrm{A}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{N}$
  3. $\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N} _{2}$
  4. $\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}(\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N}) _{2}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
$Mg _3N _2 + 6H _2O \longrightarrow3Mg(OH) _2 + 2NH _3$

$AlN + 3H _2O \longrightarrow NH _3 + Al(OH) _3$

$2H _2O + Ca(CN) _2 \longrightarrow Ca(OH) _2 + 2HCN$

$CaCN _{2} + 3H _{2}O\longrightarrow$ $CaCO _{3} + 2NH _{3}$

$Ca(CN) _2$ does not produce ammonia on reacting with water.
Multiple choice

What is the principle of mass spectrometry?

  1. Mass spectrometry separates ions by their mass-to-charge ratio.

  2. Mass spectrometry identifies ions by their mass-to-charge ratio.

  3. Mass spectrometry determines the concentration of ions by their mass-to-charge ratio.

  4. Mass spectrometry measures the amount of ions by their mass-to-charge ratio.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mass spectrometry separates ions by their mass-to-charge ratio.

Multiple choice

What type of chemical bond is formed between sodium and chlorine?

  1. Covalent bond

  2. Ionic bond

  3. Metallic bond

  4. Hydrogen bond
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium and chlorine form an ionic bond, where sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in oppositely charged ions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an example of a halogen?

  1. Fluorine

  2. Chlorine

  3. Bromine

  4. Iodine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are all halogens, characterized by their high reactivity and ability to form diatomic molecules.

Multiple choice

The molecular orbital theory describes:

  1. The behavior of electrons in molecules

  2. The formation of chemical bonds

  3. The properties of molecules

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Molecular orbital theory describes the behavior of electrons in molecules, the formation of chemical bonds, and the properties of molecules.