Biology

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes

1,219 Questions

Explore a curated list of questions covering the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis. Topics include DNA replication, chromosomal structures, and genetic disorders. This material is essential for students preparing for biology and general science competitive exams.

Cell cycle eventsDNA replicationMeiosis processChromosomal structuresGenetic disorders

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes Questions

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Among angiosperm plants, the lowest chromosome & number is found in _________________.

  1. Haplopappus gracilis

  2. Crepis capillaris

  3. Arabidopsis thaliana

  4. Oenothera lamarckiana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Haplopappus gracilis is well-known in botany for having one of the lowest chromosome numbers (2n = 4) among angiosperms.

Multiple choice

How many chromosome pairs do humans have?

  1. 13

  2. 23

  3. 34

  4. 46
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Humans typically have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell, organized into 23 pairs. One set of 23 is inherited from each parent.

Multiple choice

Why does DNA replication take place?

  1. To create new cells in growth and repair

  2. To fix mutations

  3. For human cells to have 92 chromosomes

  4. To visualize the DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

DNA replication is essential for cell division (mitosis), ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the genetic material for growth and tissue repair.

Multiple choice

A human egg cell with 24 chromosomes is fertilized by a sperm cell with 23. The result is:

  1. resemble the mother more than the father

  2. inherit a disorder due to the extra chromosome.

  3. resemble the father more than the mother

  4. inherit a disorder due to a missing chromosome.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A normal human zygote has 46 chromosomes, receiving 23 from each parent. If a gamete with 24 chromosomes fertilizes a normal gamete with 23, the resulting offspring will have 47 chromosomes. This extra chromosome leads to genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome.

Multiple choice

Process of cell division can take place by

  1. heterosis

  2. fusion

  3. mitosis

  4. miosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mitosis is the process of cell division by which a single cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells, maintaining the chromosome number.

Multiple choice

Division of nucleus is called

  1. Karyokinesis

  2. Cytokinesis

  3. Cytogenisis

  4. Propulsion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Karyokinesis refers to the division of the cell nucleus during cell division. This is followed by cytokinesis, which is the division of the cytoplasm to form two distinct daughter cells.

Multiple choice

How many autosome chromosomes present in human cells ?

  1. 44

  2. 46

  3. 2

  4. 42
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Human somatic cells contain a total of 46 chromosomes, which consist of 22 pairs of autosomes (44 in total) and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (2 in total). Autosomes carry genes for general body characteristics rather than sex determination.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is true regarding cell division?

  1. Eukaryotic cells divide by binary fission

  2. Prokaryotic cells divide by mitosis

  3. Eukaryotic cells divide using sexual conjugation

  4. Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission. Eukaryotic cells divide their nucleus via mitosis or meiosis.