Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about human erythrocyte integral membrane protein band 7?

P. It localises to the cell membrane of white blood cells and other cell types and regulates ion channels and transporters. Q. In humans, this protein is encoded by the STOM gene. R. It is present in membrane-protruding folds and extensions.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. In humans, this protein is encoded by the STOM gene. It is present in membrane-protruding folds and extensions.

Multiple choice

Match the proteins in column – I with their functions in column – II.

 
Column – I Column – II
P. Cyclic AMP receptor 1. Regulates the expression of a large number of developmentally-regulated genes
Q. CD59 antigen 2. Allows the sperm to pass through the envelope and fuse with ova
R. Egg lysin 3. Inhibits formation of membrane attack complex
S. Exosortase 4. Recognises and cleaves the carboxyl-terminal sorting signal PEP-CTERM

  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  3. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 3; S - 1

  4. P - 2; Q - 3; R - 4; S - 1

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. All proteins are correctly matched with their functions. Cyclic AMP receptor regulates the expression of a large number of developmentally-regulated genes. CD59 antigen inhibits formation of membrane attack complex. Egg lysin allows the sperm to pass through the envelope and fuse with ova. Exosortase recognises and cleaves the carboxyl-terminal sorting signal PEP-CTERM.  

Multiple choice

Which of the following cells have nucleolus?

  1. White blood cells

  2. Red blood cells

  3. Bacterial cells

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White blood cells (leukocytes) are eukaryotic cells and contain a nucleus and nucleolus, unlike mature red blood cells. Bacterial cells are prokaryotic and lack a true nucleus/nucleolus.

Multiple choice

Inner membrane folding in mitochondria is called

  1. cristae

  2. sacs

  3. calcium oxalate crystal

  4. grana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mithochondria is a membrane bound organelle having two membranes i.e., outer and inner and two compartiments i.e., intermembrane space and matrix. The outer membrane is a typical lipoproteinaceous smooth while inner membrane have large number of foldings into matrix called as cristae or mitochondrial crestae.

Multiple choice

Extra nuclear DNA is present in

  1. ribosomes

  2. chloroplast

  3. golgi body

  4. E.R.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Extrachromosomal or extranuclear  DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is present in chloroplast 

Multiple choice

Hydrolytic enzymes are found in

  1. microsomes

  2. mesosomes

  3. ribosomes

  4. lysosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Lysosomes are called suicide bags. They contain hydrolytic enzymes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following cell organelles is considered to be the richest in enzymes?

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Lysosome

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Ribosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The mitochondrial inner membrane is extensive and involves substantial infoldings called cristae that resemble the textured, outer surface of alpha-proteobacteria. The matrix and inner membrane are rich with the enzymes necessary for aerobic respiration.  

Multiple choice

Where are centrioles found?

  1. In most of the flowers

  2. In many animals cells

  3. In angiospermic roots

  4. In DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Presence of centrioles are the characteristics of animal cells, which forms mitotic poles during cell division.