Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the

  1. Mitochondria of the cell

  2. Centriole of the cell

  3. Cytpoplasm of the cell

  4. Vacuole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm when no oxygen is present for the cell to continue respiration after glycolysis. There are two common forms of anaerobic respiration: Alcoholic fermentation & Lactate fermentation . 

Multiple choice

Plant cells do not have _______.

  1. centriole

  2. mitochondria

  3. vacuole

  4. plasma membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A centriole is a barrel-shaped cell structure [1] found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though absent in higher plants and most fungi [2] The walls of each centriole are usually composed of nine triplets of microtubules.

Multiple choice

Chlorophyll containing cell organelles in higher plant cells are called _____.

  1. mitochondria

  2. vacuole

  3. chloroplasts

  4. plasma membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles, found in all higher plant cells. These organelles contain the plant cell's chlorophyll, hence the green color. They have a double outer membrane. Within the stroma, are other membrane structures - the thylakoids and grana (singular = granum) where photosynthesis takes place.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is least affected by the radiations?

  1. Non-dividing cells like the neurons.

  2. Highly dividing cells like the skin cells.

  3. Both are affected equally.

  4. None is affected
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Radiations primarily damage cells that are actively dividing (like skin or bone marrow) because they interfere with DNA replication. Neurons are non-dividing cells and are therefore much more resistant to radiation-induced damage.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true for collenchyma?

  1. Cells of this tissue are dead.

  2. Cell wall of this tissue is made of lignin.

  3. It has little intercellular spaces.

  4. It has hard and rigid walls.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Collenchyma cells are living. Their cell wall is made of cellulose. Cells are closely packed with no or little intercellular spaces.  

Multiple choice

Maximum transpiration occurs from

  1. dermal tissue

  2. ground tissues of scale leave

  3. periderm and lenticels

  4. protoderm and procambium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most transpiration occurs through the stomata located in the epidermis (dermal tissue) of leaves.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are true?

  1. Goblet cell is a glandular modified compact epithelial cell whose height is at least two times its width.
  2. The function of goblet cell is to secrete a gel-forming resin, a major component of mucus.
  3. Goblet cells are found scattered among the epithelial lining of viscus, such as the intestinal and respiratory tracts.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 1 and 2

  5. Only 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. Goblet cells are found scattered among the epithelial lining of viscus, such as the intestinal and respiratory tracts.

Multiple choice

A virus consists of a

  1. protein coat and nucleic acid molecules

  2. cell membrane and chromosome

  3. protein coat, genes, and mitochondria

  4. lipid coat (the capsid), genes, and ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A virus consists of a single- or double-stranded nucleic acid and at least one protein surrounded by a protein shell, called a capsid; some viruses also have an outer envelope composed of fatty materials (lipids) and proteins.

Multiple choice

The Raman effect is used in the study of __________.

  1. x-rays

  2. cells

  3. chromosoms

  4. molecular energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Raman effect involves the inelastic scattering of photons, which is used in spectroscopy to study molecular energy levels and chemical structures.