Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Name the cell organelle which is surrounded by a single unit membrane and contains two major enzymes namely isocitrate lyase and maltase synthetase.

  1. Glyoxysomes

  2. Lomasomes

  3. Spherosomes

  4. Peroxisomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glyoxysome is the cell organelle which is surrounded by a single unit membrane and contains two major enzymes namely isocitrate lyase and maltase synthetase. Glyoxysomes were first discovered by Beevers (1961) and later on described in detail by R.W. Briedenbach (1967).

Multiple choice

Energy generator is related to

  1. mitochondria

  2. lysosomes

  3. animal cell

  4. eukaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy.

Multiple choice

Hydrolytic enzymes are related to

  1. mitochondria

  2. lysosomes

  3. animal cell

  4. eukaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lysosomes contain various hydrolytic enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris, functioning as the cell's digestive system.

Multiple choice

Centrosomes are related to

  1. mitochondria

  2. lysosomes

  3. animal cell

  4. eukaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Centrosomes are organelles that serve as the main microtubule organizing centers in animal cells. They play a crucial role in cell division.

Multiple choice

Polysomes are related to

  1. mitochondria

  2. lysosomes

  3. animal cell

  4. eukaryotic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Polysomes (or polyribosomes) are a cluster of ribosomes held together by a strand of messenger RNA. They are found in all eukaryotic cells to facilitate protein synthesis.

Multiple choice

Inner membrane of mitochondria has

  1. quantasomes

  2. nucleosomes

  3. oxysomes

  4. chromosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The inner mitochondrial membrane contains F0-F1 particles, also known as oxysomes or ATP synthase complexes. These structures are essential for oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production.

Multiple choice

In the eukaryotes, the ribosomes are ______.

  1. 30S type

  2. 40S type

  3. 70S type

  4. 80S type
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Eukaryotic cells contain 80S ribosomes, which are composed of 60S and 40S subunits. Prokaryotes typically contain 70S ribosomes.

Multiple choice

In a prokaryotic cell, ___________.

  1. cell organelles are present

  2. true nucleus is present

  3. a single circular DNA molecule is present

  4. cell wall is made of cellulose

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Prokaryotic cells are characterized by the absence of a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They contain a single circular DNA molecule located in the nucleoid region.

Multiple choice

What do we call cells with a nucleus?

  1. Prokaryotic

  2. Eukaryotic

  3. Mitochondrial

  4. Golgi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Eukaryotic cells are defined by the presence of a membrane-bound nucleus that contains the genetic material. Prokaryotic cells lack a distinct nucleus.

Multiple choice

Contractile vacuole is present in amoeba

  1. near the advancing end

  2. near the trailing end

  3. in the middle of the body

  4. anywhere inside the body

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Contractile vacuole is found at the trailing end of the body because its main function is to get rid of extra water. So, by collecting water inside the body, it expands and moves out from the trailing end of the body.