Biology · Science General
Cell Biology and Structure
3,062 Questions
Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.
Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components
Cell Biology and Structure Questions
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Ribosome
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Chloroplast
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Nucleus
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Plasma membrane
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Chloroplast - Animals are heterotrophs which are dependent on others for food. Chloroplast are present only in plants as they are autotrophs and synthesize their food with the help of chlorophyll through the process of photosynthesis.
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Lysosmes
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Plastids
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Mitochondria
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Vacuoles
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Mitochondria - are known as “powerhouses of the cell” as they provide energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Tri phosphate) for various chemical activities in the cell. Mitochondria have two membrane covering. The outer membrane is porous (permeable-permitting the movement of fluid or gases through it) while inner membrane is deeply folded. These folds create a large surface area for ATP-generating chemical reactions.
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Cytoplasm
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Nucleus
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Lysosome
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Vacuole
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Cytoplasm - Present both in plants and animals. The cytoplasm is a fluid containing organelles with specialized functions and organelles are present both in plants & animals.
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presence of nuclear membrane
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presence of single chromosome
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presence of cytoplasm
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presence of respiratory enzymes on cell membrane
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Presence of cytoplasm -Present both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The cytoplasm is a fluid containing organelles with specialized functions and organelles.
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ribosome
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mitochondria
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nucleus
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cell wall
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Cell Wall - Plant cells are rigid because of presence of cell wall made up of cellulose which is lacking in animal cell.
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Mitochondrion
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Chloroplast
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Peroxisome
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Ribosome
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Ribosome is not surrounded by one or more membranes.
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spherosome
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dictyosome
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lysosome
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endosome
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The 'Suicidal'bag of an animal cell is lysosome.
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Nucleus
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Chloroplasts
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Cell walls
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Mitochondria
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Cell walls are present in both, prokaryotic cells and in eukaryotic plant cells
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(a) and (b)
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(b) and (c)
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(c) and (d)
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(a) and (d)
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(b) and (d)
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Ectoplasm
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Contractile vacuole
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Nucleus
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Pseudopodium
D
Correct answer
Explanation
It is a protuberance, from the surface of the amoeba, into which the cytoplasm flows. In this way, the amoeba moves about over the mud at the bottom of the pond. It also helps amoeba in feeding.
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Goblet cells
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Oxyntic cells
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Serous cells
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Mucous cells
B
Correct answer
Explanation
These cells are also called parietal cells. These cells are situated mainly towards, the neck of the gastric glands. They secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor.
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found in the thylakoid lumen
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found in chloroplasts
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found in the thylakoid proteome
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found in thylakoid integral membrane proteins
B
Correct answer
Explanation
A granum (plural grana) is a stack of thylakoid discs. Chloroplasts can have from 10 to 100 grana. Grana are connected by stroma thylakoids, also called intergrana thylakoids or lamellae.
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Animal cell - plastids
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Plant cell - mitochondria
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Animal cell - cell wall
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Plant cell - centrosome
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Animal cells do not have plastids and cell wall. Similarly, plant cells do not have centrosomes. Thus, option (2) is the only correct match.
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Tracheid
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Companion cell
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Vessel element
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Cork cell
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Companion cells are living cells and they help in the absorption of the material to be transported.
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Guard cell
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Trichome
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Root hair
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Cork
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Cork is not an epidermal cell. It is a peridermal cell.