Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following store(s) starch in a plant cell?

  1. Ribosomes

  2. Nucleus

  3. Leucoplasts

  4. Chloroplasts

  5. Chromoplasts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Leucoplasts are primary organelles in which materials such as starch, oils and protein granules get stored. Leucoplasts are also known as white plastids.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are known as the energy currency of a cell?

  1. Adenosine triphosphate

  2. Ribosomes

  3. Lysosomes

  4. Mitochondria

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Adenosine triphosphate is often known as the energy currency of cell because the energy required for various chemical activities needed for life is released by mitochondria in the form of ATP. 

Multiple choice

Cytoplasmic membrane of a bacterial cell contains membrane proteins located in various positions. Through specific interactions with phospholipid molecules, which of the following functions is performed by inner-surface proteins?

  1. They provide flexibility to the membrane.

  2. They transport substances across the cytoplasmic membrane.

  3. They transport large molecules into the cells.

  4. They cooperate with other proteins in energy yielding reactions.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The inner-surface proteins cooperate with other proteins in energy yielding reactions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are the polyhedral membrane-bound compartments in the bacterial cells that are made up of a protein shell?

  1. Gas vesicles

  2. Volutin granules

  3. Carboxysomes

  4. Microcompartments
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Microcompartments are the polyhedral membrane bound compartments in the bacterial cell that are made up of a protein shell and enclose various enzymes. These polyhedral organelles localise and compartmentalise bacterial metabolism, a function performed by the membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about bacterial flagella are false?

a. They operate at high Reynolds number. b. Sodium-ion pump driven flagella are found in vibrio. c. Flagella evolve from Type III secretory system. d. The S-ring of flagella directly attaches to plasma membrane. e. Campylobacter jejuni has 11 protofilaments. f. Fasciculi are seen in spirochetes. g. Archeal flagella grow by addition of subunits to the base.

  1. a, b and d

  2. e, f and g

  3. a, e and f

  4. e, b and c

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

a, e and f are false. Bacterial flagella operate at low Reynolds number. Campylobacter jejuni has 7 protofilaments. Fasciculi are seen in Selanomonas.

Multiple choice

Bacteria conjugative pili are absent in

  1. Rickettsia felis

  2. Bacillus subtilis

  3. E. coli

  4. Brevibacterium mcbrellneri
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacillus and pili are absent in Gram-positive bacteria. They possess pili-like proteins or Type 4 pilins which assemble into pili (long polymeric fibers that function in bacterial adhesion and motility).

Multiple choice

The hair found on stem is

  1. unicellular

  2. bicellular

  3. multicellular

  4. tricellular
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hair found on stem is multicellular.