Cell Biology and Structure

Correct answer. Endoplasmic reticulum was discovered from liver cells.

Correct answer. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is found abundantly in pancreatic acinus cells.

Correct answer. Rough endoplasmic reticulum has more cisternae than smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is found abundantly in muscle cells. So, this is the correct answer.

Correct answer. In muscle cells, endoplasmic reticulum is known as sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic reticulum is present in liver cells.

Correct answer. Endoplasmic reticulum is made of tubules (branched network; 50-100 nm in diameter), cisternae (parallel interconnected flattened sac of 40-50 nm of thickness) and vesicles (round or oval; 25-500 nm diameter).

4 major functions of Glial cells are: 

 1. keep neurons in place (physical support). 

 2. provide nutrients and oxygen. 

 3. insulation, and, 

 4. Phagocytosis of dead neurons and destry pathogens

All the enzymes required for aerobic respiration are present in mitochondria. Therefore, the process of aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria.

Mast cells are immune cells that contain granules with histamine and heparin. They are abundant in areolar tissue (a type of loose connective tissue found throughout the body, especially under skin and around blood vessels). Areolar tissue provides a strategic location for mast cells to respond rapidly to pathogens, allergens, and tissue injury by releasing inflammatory mediators.

The body cavity that is not lined by mesodermal layers and the space is filled by large vacuolated cells is called pseudocoelom.

The cell is the fundamental unit of life - all living organisms are composed of cells, and cells carry out all life processes. This is a core principle of cell theory. Tissues (A) are groups of cells, organs (B) are groups of tissues, and organ systems (D) are groups of organs - all are built FROM cells, not the basic unit themselves.

Protoplasm is the living, jelly-like material composing all cellular contents, including the cytoplasm and nucleus. Cytoplasm (B) is only the material OUTSIDE the nucleus, missing the nucleoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum (C) and golgi bodies (D) are specific organelles within the protoplasm, not the entire living matter.

Plant cells characteristically lack both centrosomes AND centrioles, which are present in animal cells and help organize microtubules during cell division. Vacuoles (A), plastids (B), and chlorophyll (D) are all structures that plant cells DO contain - they're defining features of plant cells, not absences.