Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

The part in the cell that acts as a store of vital chemicals such as amino acids, glucose, vitamins, ions etc. is _________.

  1. protoplasm

  2. cytoplasm

  3. golgi bodies

  4. nucleolus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The cytoplasm acts as a reservoir for vital chemicals including amino acids, glucose, vitamins, ions, and other metabolites needed for cellular reactions. Protoplasm is the entire living content, golgi bodies modify proteins, and nucleolus makes ribosomes.

Multiple choice

During cell division in animal cells the spindle fibers are formed by

  1. cytoplasm

  2. centrioles

  3. nucleolus

  4. plasma membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During cell division in animal cells, the spindle fibers are formed by centrioles. Centrioles organize the microtubules that make up the spindle apparatus, which helps separate chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

Multiple choice

Molecular and cellular defect of cystic fibrosis is the

  1. defective chloride channel in epithelial cells leading to excessive mucus in the lungs

  2. defective chloride channel in the epithelial cells leading to no mucus in the lungs

  3. defective sodium channel in the epithelial cells leading to excessive mucus in the lungs

  4. defective sodium channel in the epithelial cells leading to no mucus in the lungs

  5. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Defective chloride channel in epithelial cells leads to excessive mucus in lungs

Multiple choice

Centrioles have tubular arrangements of

  1. 9 + 11

  2. 8 + 1

  3. 9 + 0

  4. 9 + 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Centrioles and basal bodies have a 9+0 microtubule arrangement - nine triplet microtubules in the outer ring with no central microtubules. The 9+2 arrangement is found in cilia and flagella axonemes.

Multiple choice

Basal bodies are associated with the development of

  1. cilia and flagella

  2. cell plates

  3. phragmoplast

  4. kinetochore

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Basal bodies serve as the organizing centers from which cilia and flagella grow. They contain the 9+0 microtubule structure that templates the 9+2 axoneme. Cell plates, phragmoplasts, and kinetochores have different functions.