Biology ยท Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following maintains the size and structure of sponge?

  1. Choanocytes

  2. Pinacocytes

  3. Porocytes

  4. Myocytes

  5. Mesohyl
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pinacocytes are flattened cells containing many granules; capable of contracting. They are involved in the maintenance of the size and structure of sponge. They can expand and contract to slightly alter the size of the sponge and can also produce collagen.

Multiple choice

There are numerous types of cells, which can live and move within the mesohyl of a sponge. Which of the following are the well known totipotent cells capable of removing the wreckage blocking the ostia of the sponges?

  1. Sclerocytes

  2. Spongocytes

  3. Archaeocytes

  4. Grey cells

  5. Lophocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Archaeocytes are amoeba-like cells that are totipotent, in other words each is capable of transformation into any other type of cell. They also have important roles in feeding and in clearing debris that block the ostia.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. Fatty acid synthesis takes place in chloroplasts.

  2. Starch synthesis takes place in cytosol.

  3. Lysosomes store sugar.

  4. Ribosomes are small granules that synthesise proteins.

  5. Mitochondria is the site storing and transporting proteins.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are small granules that synthesise proteins.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a correct statement about plastids?

  1. They are the fluid living content between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.

  2. They are found in plant cells only and have extra nuclear DNA.

  3. They are the protein synthesising site of the cell.

  4. They are the site for storing and transporting proteins across the cytoplasm.

  5. They are the storage units in cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plastids are found in plant cells only. They are double membrane bounded structures. They have extra nuclear DNA. Chromoplasts and leucoplasts are the two types of plastids.

Multiple choice

Which of the following types of cells are involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

  1. Purkinje cells

  2. Glial cells

  3. Pyramidal cells

  4. Oligodendroctyes

  5. Ependymal cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Ependyma is the thin epithelium-like lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. Ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system (CNS). It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Multiple choice

_____ are the centre of protein synthesis.

  1. Ribosomes

  2. Chromosomes

  3. Chloroplasts

  4. Cellulose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ribosomes are cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. They read messenger RNA (mRNA) and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains according to the genetic code. Chloroplasts are for photosynthesis, chromosomes contain DNA, and cellulose is a structural polysaccharide in plant cell walls.

Multiple choice

A group of cells which produces and secretes special chemicals is called a _____.

  1. gland

  2. elastin

  3. coagulation

  4. epidermis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A gland is a specialized group of cells that produces and secretes chemical substances like hormones, enzymes, or sweat. Examples include sweat glands, endocrine glands, and exocrine glands. Elastin is a protein, coagulation is a process, and epidermis is a tissue layer.