Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

A system of membrane bound vesicles arranged parallel to each other in bundles, found in golgi apparatus, is known as

  1. Cisterns

  2. Tubules

  3. Vacuole

  4. Lysosome

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Golgi apparatus consists of stacked, flattened membrane-bound sacs called cisternae. These are arranged in parallel bundles and modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. Tubules are thin tubes, vacuoles are storage sacs, and lysosomes contain digestive enzymes.

Multiple choice

The shape and size of a cell is related to its

  1. appearance

  2. nucleus

  3. functions

  4. location

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The shape and size of a cell is directly related to its specific functions. Cells adapt their structure to perform specialized tasks efficiently - like nerve cells being long for signal transmission, or red blood cells being disc-shaped for oxygen transport. Appearance is just a visual characteristic, not the determining factor. Nucleus and location are cell components, not functional determinants.

Multiple choice

Which among the following cells have the potential to live as long as the organism itself?

  1. Osteoblasts

  2. Osteoid

  3. Chondroblast

  4. Osteoclast

  5. Osteocyte
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

An osteocyte, a star-shaped cell, is the most commonly found cell in mature bone, and can live as long as the organism itself. Although osteocytes are relatively inert cells, they are capable of molecular synthesis and modification, as well as transmission of signals over long distances, in a way similar to the nervous system.

Multiple choice

In tissue culture, callus refers to _______ mass of cells.

  1. differentiated

  2. undifferentiated

  3. regular

  4. solidified

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In tissue culture, a callus is an undifferentiated mass of cells that forms from plant tissue explants. These cells have not specialized into specific tissue types (roots, stems, leaves) and can be induced to regenerate into whole plants through different media. This is the opposite of differentiated cells which have specific functions.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs of cell organelles and their functions is correctly matched?

  1. Mitochondrion - It provides and maintains the shape of the cell, and prevents it from drying.

  2. Ribosomes - They are suicidal bags and they help in digestion of foreign, worn out cells and cell organelles.

  3. Plasma membrane - It gives shape to the cell and regulates the transportation of materials in and out of the cells.

  4. Lysosomes - They help in protein synthesis.

  5. Cell wall - It is a network of membranes and provides a large surface area for the life functions to take place.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. Plasma membrane gives shape to the cell and regulates the transportation of materials in and out of the cells.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. A hen's egg is a cell, which can be seen with a naked eye.

  2. Plastids are only green in colour.

  3. Ribosomes are the smallest cell organelles without proteins.

  4. Nucleus is called the kitchen of the cells.

  5. The size of the cell depends upon the size of the organism.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct statement. A hen's egg is a cell,  which can be seen with a naked eye.

Multiple choice

The plant cell wall _______________.

  1. is the power house of the cell.

  2. is round shaped

  3. is made of cellulose.

  4. can change its shape

  5. contain chloroplast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The plant cell wall is made of cellulose.