Biology ยท Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

What are the specialized structures formed with cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane when gram-negative cells are treated with the enzyme lysozyme?

  1. Spheroplast

  2. Protoplast

  3. Thylakoids

  4. Mesosomes

  5. Magnetosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

If peptidoglycan is digested away from the cell, gram-positive cells lose their cell walls and become protoplasts while the gram negative cells become spheroplasts. A spheroplast is a cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed as by the action of penicillin. The name stems from the fact that after a microbe's cell wall is digested, membrane tension causes the cell to acquire a characteristic spherical shape.

Multiple choice

Egestion in amoeba takes place through

  1. anus

  2. pseudopodia

  3. vacuole

  4. cytoplasm

  5. rupture in cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Amoeba has no fixed place for removing the undigested part of food. When a considerable amount of undigested food collects inside amoeba, then its cell membrane suddenly ruptures at any place and the undigested food is thrown out of the body of amoeba.

Multiple choice

The three main types of movements, shown by human cells are

  1. visceral, muscular and skeletal

  2. amoeboid, ciliary and muscular

  3. amoeboid, muscular and skeletel

  4. muscular, ciliary and visceral

  5. visceral, amoeboid and muscular
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Cells of the human body exhibit three main types of movement, namely amoeboid, ciliary and muscular.

Multiple choice

What is metastasis?

  1. It is preneoplastic stage of cancer.

  2. Here transformation of protooncogenes occurs into oncogenes.

  3. It is the invasion of cancerous cells to surrounding tissues.

  4. It is a form of cancer that is induced by radiations only.

  5. It is a specific cancer associated with mesenchyma.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Metastasis or metastatic disease, is the spread of a cancer from one organ or part to another non-adjacent organ or part.

Multiple choice

With in which structure, does the pathogen get trapped when a macrophage ingests it?

  1. Antigen antibody complex

  2. Lysosome

  3. Phagolysosome

  4. Phagosome

  5. Plasma membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A phagosome is a vesicle formed around a particle absorbed by phagocytosis. The vacuole is formed by the fusion of the cell membrane around the particle. When a macrophage ingests a pathogen the pathogen becomes trapped in a phagosome which then fuses with a lysosome. A phagosome is a cellular compartment in which pathogenic microorganisms can be killed and digested.

Multiple choice

Why are cristae present in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

  1. To provide large surface area for ATP generation

  2. To provide site for protein synthesis

  3. To provide site for attachment of endoplasmic reticulum

  4. To provide site for attachment of ribosomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Infoldings called cristae present in the inner membrane provide large surface area for ATP generation.