Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,221 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

In which type of epidermal cells are Birbeck granules present?

  1. Merkel cells

  2. Melanocytes

  3. Keratinocytes

  4. Langerhans cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Birbeck granules are present in Langerhans cells. Their function is still not certain but they migrate to the periphery of the Langerhans cells and release its contents into the extracellular matrix.

Multiple choice

What is the dermis layer composed of?

  1. Squamous epithelial tissue

  2. Areolar connective tissue

  3. Adipocytes

  4. Columnar epithelium tissues
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dermis is composed of areolar connective tissue such as collagen with elastin arranged in a diffusely bundled and woven pattern.

Multiple choice

What is paronychium in nail?

  1. An infection

  2. Border tissue

  3. Small band of living cells

  4. Nail bed protection
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The paronychium is the border tissue around the nail.

Multiple choice

Ameoba acquires its food through the process of

  1. osmosis

  2. diffusion

  3. exocytosis

  4. endocytosis

  5. photosynthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. The process of cellular ingestion by which the plasma membrane folds inward to bring substances into the cell is called endocytosis. Amoeba acquires its food through the process of endocytosis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about a nucleus?

a. A nucleus has a double layered covering called nuclear membrane. b. A nucleus contains chromosomes. c. A nucleus plays a central role in cellular nutrition.

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a and c

  4. b and c

  5. b only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as both the statements are correct. A nucleus has a double layered covering called nuclear membrane. A nucleus contains chromosomes. These chromosomes are visible as rod-shaped structures, only when the cell is about to divide.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about cytoplasm is incorrect?

  1. It is the fluid content inside the plasma membrane.

  2. It contains many specialised cell organelles.

  3. It is the site of many biochemical reactions.

  4. It has its own genetic material.

  5. It gives the cell its volume and shape.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as the cytoplasm does not have its own genetic material.

Multiple choice

Which of the following organelles serve as a channel for the transport of materials between the cytoplasm and the nucleus?

  1. Lysosomes

  2. Cytoplasms

  3. Golgi apparatus

  4. Mitochondria

  5. Endoplasmic reticulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. ER serves as a channel for the transport of materials (especially proteins) between various regions of the cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs is/are correct?

a. Mitochondria - powerhouse of the cell b. Vacuole - suicidal bags of the cell c. RNA - energy currency of the cell

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a and c

  4. b and c

  5. a only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as a is the correct pair. The mitochondria is called the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing most of the cell's energy or adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP).

Multiple choice

Organelles are membrane-enclosed structures that are found within the cells and each with a particular function. Some organelles possess their own genes. Which of the following organelles have their own DNA?

a. Lysosomes b. Mitochondria c. Plastids d. Cytoplasms

  1. a, b, c and d

  2. a, b and c

  3. a, b and d

  4. a and d

  5. b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Mitochondria possess their own DNA and carry out some of their own protein synthesis. Chloroplasts are organelles that are found within the cells of plants and algae. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll and are responsible for carrying out photosynthesis and contain their own DNA.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are correct about the cell theory as presented by Schleiden and Schwann?

a. All plants and animals are composed of cells. b. A cell is the basic unit of life. c. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Many cells group together in a single body and assume different functions in it to form various body parts.

  1. a and b

  2. a, b and c

  3. a, b, c and d

  4. b, c and d

  5. a, c and d
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as the cell theory as presented by Schleiden and Schwann points out that all plants and animals are composed of cells and that cell is the basic unit of life.

Multiple choice

A nucleolus originates from a:

  1. Lysosome

  2. Golgi complex

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Chromosome

  5. Mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleolus originates from chromosome. It contains all the dna of the cell. It is used as instructions to create the building blocks of the cell(proteins). It is often refered to as the brain of the cell as it controlls what goes on.