Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. ER 1. It is a set of membrane-bounded, fluid-filled vesicles, vacuoles and flattened cisternae.
b. Golgi apparatus 2. It is the part of cell that occurs between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelop.
c. Cytoplasm 3. It is the membraneous network inside the cell enclosing a fluid-filled lumen that almost fills up the intracellular cavity.

  1. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  2. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  3. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  4. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  5. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

ER is the membraneous network inside the cell enclosing a fluid-filled lumen that almost fills up the intracellular cavity. Golgi apparatus is a set of membrane-bounded, fluid-filled vesicles, vacuoles and flattened cisternae.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is true for phragmoplast?

  1. Proplastid is cytoplasm of dividing cell.

  2. Cell plates are formed by vesicles of ER and dictyosomes during cytokinesis.

  3. Cell plate is formed by ER, dictyosomes, secretory vesicles and spindle fibres.

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The phragmoplast is a plant cell specific structure that forms during late cytokinesis. It serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent formation of a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells. The phragmoplast is a complex assembly of microtubules (MTs), microfilaments (MFs), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) elements, that assemble in two opposing sets perpendicular to the plane of the future cell plate during anaphase and telophase. It is initially barrel-shaped and forms from the mitotic spindle between the two daughter nuclei, while nuclear envelopes reassemble around them.

Multiple choice

Which of the following acts as a cytoplasmic inclusion?

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum

  2. Golgi bodies

  3. Ribosomes

  4. Glycogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A small amount of the carbohydrate is always virtually stored in the form of glycogen, which is an insoluble polymer of glucose that can be depolymerised and used rapidly to supply the cell’s energy needs.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding meristematic cells. (a) These do not have large central vacuoles. (b) These are thin-walled and iodiametric. (c) These divide and produce new cells. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of these

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is correct. These do not have large central vacuoles. Statement (b) is correct. These are thin-walled and iodiametric. Statement (c) is correct. These divide and produce new cells.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements regarding structure of parenchyma: (a) The cell walls are made up of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and pectin. (b) The inner cellular spaces may or may not be present between the cells. (c) The cell walls do not have primary walls. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (c) is incorrect. The cell wall have primary walls with primary pit fields and inter-connected by plasmodesmata.