Biology · Science General
Cell Biology and Structure
3,221 Questions
Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.
Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components
Cell Biology and Structure Questions
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Lysosomes
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Chloroplast
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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Golgi complex
D
Correct answer
Explanation
These form the small vesicles that form the plant in the end of the telophase for the division of cytoplasm.
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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Mitochondria
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Golgi bodies
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Chloroplasts
D
Correct answer
Explanation
These are the membranous structures which have thalakoid having fret channels.
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80s type
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70s type
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50s type
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40s type
B
Correct answer
Explanation
These are the prokaryotic ribosomes, which are present in these organelles.
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Chloroplast
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Chromoplast
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Leucoplast
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Vacuole
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Anthocyanin pigment is present in the vacuoles of the plant cells.
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Porocytes
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Pinocytes
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Choanocytes
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Lophocytes
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The inner surface of sponges are covered with Choanocytes.
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Endocrine system
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Reproductive system
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Immune system
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Nervous system
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The grey cells of sponges are equivalent to immune system.
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Collencytes and choanocytes
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Archeocytes and choanocytes
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Collencytes and archeocytes
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Collencytes and sclerencytes
C
Correct answer
Explanation
A sponge fragment can only regenerate if it contains both collencytes to produce mesohyl and archeocytes.
Match the following:
|
|
| Cell types |
Function |
| 1. Lophocytes |
a. Secrete spicules |
| 2. Rhabdiferous cells |
b. Secrete polysaccharides |
| 3. Sclerocytes |
c. Contraction |
| 4. Myocytes |
d. Secrete collagen fibres |
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|
|
| 1. Lophocytes |
c. Contraction |
| 2. Rhabdiferous cells |
a. Secrete spicules |
| 3. Sclerocytes |
d. Secrete collagen fibres |
| 4. Myocytes |
b. Secrete polysaccharides |
-
|
|
| 1. Lophocytes |
b.Secrete polysaccharides |
| 2. Rhabdiferous cells |
a. Secrete collagen fibres |
| 3. Sclerocytes |
c. Contraction |
| 4. Myocytes |
d. Secrete collagen fibers |
-
|
|
| 1. Lophocytes |
d. Secrete collagen fibres |
| 2. Rhabdiferous cells |
b. Secrete polysaccharides |
| 3. Sclerocytes |
a. Secrete spicules |
| 4. Myocytes |
c. Contraction |
-
|
|
| 1. Lophocytes |
a. Secrete spicules |
| 2. Rhabdiferous cells |
d. Secrete collagen fibres |
| 3. Sclerocytes |
b. Secrete polysaccharides |
| 4. Myocytes |
c. Contraction |
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct match.
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1 and 2
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2, 3 and 4
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3 and 4
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3, 4 and 5
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4 and 5
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Membrane bound organelles like endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and golgi bodies are absent in bacteria.
Bacterial nucleus is of primitive type (prokaryotic), i.e. without nuclear membrane and nucleolus.
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Amoeboid cells
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Pigment cells
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Choanocytes
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Gland cells
Match the following macrophages to the site of localisation that they differentiate in.
| |
|
| MACROPHAGE |
SITE |
| I. Kupffer cells |
a. Bones |
| II. Splenic macrophages |
b. Kidneys |
| III. Osteoclasts |
c. White pulp |
| IV. Mesangial cells |
d. Liver |
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I - d, II - b, III - c, IV - a
-
I - c, II - a, III - b, IV - d
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I - d, II - c, III - a, IV - b
-
I - d, II - b, III - a, IV - c
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Monocytes migrate through the blood stream to various tissues where they undergo further differentiation into variety of histological forms. Kupffer cells in liver, osteoclasts in bones, splenic cells in white pulp of spleen and mesangial cells in kidneys.
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cell membranes & proteins
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cytoplasm & nucleoid
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nucleoid & ribosomes
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cell wall & thylakoid
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cell membranes & lipids
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Cell wall is common to all bacterial cells except a few like mycoplasmas. Similarly, thylakoids are the specialized membranes of flattened discs that contain light sensitive pigments. These structures are commonly present in cyanobacteria - the photosynthetic bacteria, and they help in photosynthesis. Therefore, these structures are not common to all bacterial cells.
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Virus
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Mycoplasma
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Amino acid
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Chloroplast
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Bacteria
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The size of an amino acid is 1 nano-meter. Therefore, it is the smallest of all structures.
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White blood cell
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Red blood cell
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Nerve cell
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Blood platelet
A
Correct answer
Explanation
White blood cells are amoeboid in shape as they can change their shape.
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To provide large surface area for synthesis of glucose
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To provide large surface area for synthesis of lipids
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To provide large surface area for packaging of proteins
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To provide large surface area for ATP-generating chemical reactions
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Mitochondrion has two membrane coverings. The outer membrane is very porous, while the inner membrane is deeply folded. These folds create a large surface area for ATP-generating chemical reactions.