Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice evs - i rules are for everyone sustainability of natural resources adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles

Which of the following is not true about biogas?

  1. It contains methane

  2. Burns without smoke

  3. Leaves ash behind

  4. Produced by anaerobic decomposition of animal and plant waste
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biogas is produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage or food waste. It is a clean and renewable gas. It burns without any smoke.

Multiple choice evs - i rules are for everyone sustainability of natural resources adaptations - mangrove swamps, fast flowing rivers and treetops halophiles

Choose the incorrect statement among the following.

  1. Natural gas is used as a starting material for the manufacture of a number of chemicals and fertilizers.

  2. Over millions of years, the presence of air, high temperature, and low pressure transformed the dead organisms into petroleum.

  3. Naphthalene balls used to repel moths and other insects the from coal tar.

  4. Minerals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc. are exhaustible natural resources.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum is a fossil fuel that was formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms.
Millions of years ago, algae and plants lived in shallow seas. After dying and sinking to the seafloor, the organic material mixed with other sediments and was buried. Over millions of years under high pressure and high temperature, the remains of these organisms transformed into what we know today as fossil fuels. Coal, natural gas, and petroleum are all fossil fuels that formed under similar conditions.
Today, petroleum is found in vast underground reservoirs where ancient seas were located.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

 Commercial sources of alkanes include:

  1. coal

  2. natural gas

  3. petroleum

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The most important commercial sources for alkanes are natural gas and oil. Natural gas contains primarily methane and ethane, with some propane and butane: oil is a mixture of liquid alkanes and other hydrocarbons.

Multiple choice biology air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Which of the following statements is not true?

  1. $CO _2$ is the best fire extinguisher

  2. Global warming can cause acid rain

  3. Burning of coal and diesel releases sulphur dioxide gas

  4. LPG has higher calorific value than biogas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Global warming may cause glaciers to melt, which may lead to the rise in sea level and submerge low-lying areas but does not cause acid rain.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

Full synthetic oils are derived from crude oil or byproducts through a chemical process rather than the __________ process used for conventional oil.

  1. distilliation

  2. fractional distillation

  3. vacum distillation

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Synthetic oil is a lubricant consisting of chemical compounds that are artificially made. Synthetic lubricants can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components rather than whole crude oil, but can also be synthesized from other raw materials. Full synthetic oils are derived from crude oil or byproducts through a chemical process rather than the distillation process used for conventional oil. The resulting synthetic oil has a more consistent molecular size and therefore tends to have somewhat more uniform properties.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution control environmental impact: global warming green house effect geobiochemical cycle

The principal source of volatile organics (Hydrocarbons) is:

  1. transportation

  2. industrial processes

  3. stationary fuel combustion

  4. volcanoes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ground-level ozone is formed when volatile organic compounds (VOCs), also known as hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides ($N{ O } _{ x }$) interact in the presence of sunlight. Sources of VOC and $N{ O } _{ x }$ emissions include:

large industry such as chemical manufacturers, and combustion sources such as power plants burning fossil fuels.

small industry such as gasoline-dispensing facilities, auto body paint shops, and print shops

Multiple choice evs how to save fuel define fossil fuels conservation of fuels reason for finishing of materials (resources)

The gaseous fuels
(A) burn without producing smoke
(B) has low calorific value
(C) are easy to ignite
(D) have high calorific value.
Select the correct alternatives.

  1. A and B

  2. B and C

  3. C and D

  4. D and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gaseous fuels can be easily transported through pipeline and they leave no residue after burning.


 Gaseous fuels have low ignition temperature and thus burns easily. 

Moreover they possess high calorific value in comparison to solid and liquid fuels.

Option C is correct.

Multiple choice evs how to save fuel define fossil fuels conservation of fuels reason for finishing of materials (resources)

The neccesary conditions for combustion process of occur are :
(A) availability of air/oxygen
(B) availability of air/oxygen and fuel
(C) temperature of fuel below ignition temperature
(D) temperature of fuel above ignition temperature
Select the correct alternatives.

  1. A and B

  2. B and D

  3. C and A

  4. D and A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

For combustion, fuel, oxygen/air and a temperature more than ignition temperature of the fuel is required.


Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice evs how to save fuel define fossil fuels conservation of fuels reason for finishing of materials (resources)

In what form fuels store their energy?

  1. Chemical

  2. Nuclear

  3. Both A and B

  4. Thermal

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All the fuels store the energy in form of chemical energy except nuclear fuels. Nuclear fuels stores their energy in the form of nuclear energy. So fuel is defined as a matter which stores its energy in the form of potential energy and it can be released to do work.

Multiple choice evs how to save fuel define fossil fuels conservation of fuels reason for finishing of materials (resources) fuel and conservation

Useful substances obtained from petroleum and natural gases are called as ________.

  1. petroleum products

  2. petrochemicals

  3. chemicals

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Petrochemicals are the products of petroleum and natural gases. Like liquefied petroleum gas used as domestic fuel in the house hold.