Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,756 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Glycol added to petrol act as an _______ agent.

  1. anti-knocking

  2. anti-gum forming

  3. anti-icing

  4. dewaxing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glycol added to petrol acts as anti -icing agent

Anti -icing is a application of chemicals that not only de-ice, but also remain on a surface and continue to delay the reformation of ice for a certain period of time, or prevent adhesion of ice to make mechanical removal easier.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following is desirable in diesel and kerosene but is undesirable in gasoline?

  1. Paraffins

  2. Mercaptans

  3. Aromatics

  4. Naphthenic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aromatics are desirable in diesel and kerosene but is undesirable in gasoline. It is a mixture of paraffin (alkanes), cycloalkanes (naphthenes), and olefins (alkenes). Aromatics are a base component of gasoline derived from crude oil. Refiners manipulate these substances – mainly mixtures of chemicals like benzene, toluene, and xylene – to increase the octane rating, a measure of how well the fuel actually works.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

 What is called black gold?

  1. Petroleum

  2. Natural gas

  3. Coal Tar

  4. Coal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Petroluem is known as black gold as it is black coloured crude oil that is extracted from earth's crust and it has its value as it is limited in stock, takes millions of years to form and is costly available.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Molecular weight of crude petroleum may be around:

  1. $500$
  2. $1000$
  3. $2500$
  4. $1500$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Crude petroleum is the multi component mixture consisting of many compounds. It is drilled from the earth's crust and then refined in the petroleum refineries. Its molecular weight is around $1500$.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

The layer containing petroleum oil and gas is:

  1. below water

  2. between water and sand

  3. below sand

  4. above the water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The density of gasoline ranges from 0.71–0.77 kg/L, where as that of water is 1kg/L, oil is less dense than water so it will "float" on water. Gas is less dense than both and will float to the top. higher densities having a greater volume of aromatics. Since gasoline floats on water, water cannot generally be used to extinguish a gasoline fire unless used in a fine mist. The petroleum products will separate by density.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

The advantage of ________ is that it cannot be used directly as fuel in homes and factories due to the inability of supply through pipes.

  1. CNG

  2. LPG

  3. Petroleum

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) is stored in high-pressure cylinders and is not easily distributed through standard residential or factory piping systems, unlike LPG which is often supplied in cylinders or bulk tanks.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Petroleum is formed from:

  1. insects

  2. wild animals

  3. organisms in sea

  4. domestic animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum (also known as crude oil or simply oil) is a fossil fuel that was formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms. Millions of years ago, algae and plants lived in shallow seas. After dying and sinking to the seafloor, the organic material mixed with other sediments and was buried.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following represents true statement(s)?

  1. Natural gas is an important fossil fuel as it is easy to transport through pipes.

  2. Natural gas is stored under low pressure.

  3. CNG is used for power generation.

  4. CNG is used as fuel for transport vehicles.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

The statements (A), (C) and (D) are true. Natural gas is an important fossil fuel as it is easy to transport through pipes. Natural gas is stored under high pressure as compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG is used for power generation. CNG is used as fuel for transport vehicles as it is less polluting. It is a cleaner fuel.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Choose the correct statement from the following :

  1. It is difficult to transport natural gas through pipes

  2. The disadvantage of natural gas is that it cannot be used directly for burning in homes

  3. Natural gas is stored under low pressure as compressed natural gas

  4. Natural gas cannot be used for power generation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is difficult to transport natural gas through pipelines as it poses safety concerns due to the flammable nature of natural gas.


Hence the correct option is A.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Natural gas is found as:

  1. layer above hot-beds

  2. layer below petroleum oil deep underground

  3. layer above petroleum oil deep underground

  4. layer below the glacier
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Natural gas is a fossil fuel often trapped in porous rock formations above petroleum deposits. Because it is less dense than oil and water, it migrates upward until it is trapped by an impermeable rock layer.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

What is formed from a natural process from plants and animal residues and is an example of fossil fuel? 

  1. Umepeltor

  2. Upetlmore

  3. Petroleum

  4. Peroletum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum is formed from natural process from plants and animal residues and is an example of fossil fuel.  

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Petroleum is formed under the earth's crust by chemical changes in:

  1. Vegetable matter

  2. Inorganic matter

  3. Animal matter

  4. Both vegetable and animal matter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum which is also known as crude oil  is a fossil fuel that was formed from the remains of  marine organisms and plant wastes (vegetable).

Millions of years ago, algae and plants lived in shallow areas  seas. After dying and sinking to the seabottom, the organic material mixed with other sediments and was buried. Over millions of years under high pressure and high temperature, the remains of these organisms transformed into what we know today as fossil fuels by the various chemical process . Coal, natural gas, and petroleum are all fossil fuels that formed under similar conditions.

Hence option D is corrrect.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. LPG is a mixture of butane and propane.

  2. LPG is liquefied methane.

  3. LPG is liquefied propane.

  4. LPG is a mixture of methane and ethane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Liquified petroleum gas or liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), also referred to as simply propane or butane are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipments and vehicles. LPG is a mixture of mainly liquefied butane and propane.