Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Choose the odd one out from the following and give reason for your choice.

  1. Firewood

  2. Charcoal

  3. Coal

  4. Petrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Petrol, is the odd one out. Since, the coal, charcoal, firewood are solid natural resources that are obtained from nature, while petrol is liquid fuel.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Select the incorrect statements among the following.
(i) Bitumen is used for metalling the roads.
(ii) Some inexhaustible natural resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas formed from the dead remains of living organisms are known as fossil fuels.
(iii) Many useful substances are obtained from coal (commercial importance), so it is also called as 'Black gold'.
(iv) Natural gas is used as starting material for the manufacture of a number of chemicals and fertilizers.

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (ii),(iii) and (iv)

  4. All are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

1) Bitumen is the one of the component of petroleum which is used for metalling / surfacing the roads.

2) Coal, petroleum and natural gases are exhaustible natural resources. Hence, this option is wrong.
3) Petroleum is called as 'Black gold' because it gives many useful substances.Hence,this is wrong.
4) Coal is used as starting material for the manufacture of a number of chemicals and fertilizers. Hence option 4 is incorrect.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Coal is a fossil fuel and it cannot be prepared in a laboratory or industry because the formation of coal :
a. is very slow process.
b. needs very low pressure and low temperature.
c. needs very high pressure and high temperature.
d. causes air pollution.
Select the correct alternative.

  1. a, c and d

  2. b and d

  3. c and a

  4. d and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Coal is a fossil fuel derived from organic matter. We get coal deep inside the Earth's crust in coal mines. When dead plants got buried into the bottom of the soil. Due to high pressure and temperature plants gets converted into fossil fuels. If it is burn in large quantity it causes pollution.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following is/are main component present in LPG?

  1. methane

  2. propane

  3. butane

  4. both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

LPG is liquefied petroleum gas. The main components are:

  1. butane
  2. propane
  3. propylene
  4. butylene.
All the components are gases at normal temperature and pressures.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following hydrocarbon exists mostly in the gaseous state under the earth surface?

  1. Pentane

  2. Butane

  3. Hexane

  4. Octane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In its strictest sense, petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage, it includes all liquid, gaseous and solid hydrocarbons.Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, lighter hydrocarbons methane, ethane, propane and butane occur as gases, while pentane and heavier hydrocarbons are in the form of liquids or solids.


Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Heavier crude oils have too much of:

  1. Carbon

  2. Hydrogen

  3. Both Carbon and Hydrogen

  4. Sulfur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Because heavier crude oils have too much carbon and not enough hydrogen, the cracking processes generally involve removing carbon from or adding hydrogen to the molecules and using fluid catalytic cracking to convert the longer, more complex molecules in the oil to the shorter, simpler ones in the fuels.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Gas cap over crude oil is formed by:

  1. methane

  2. natural gas

  3. butane

  4. producer gas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the reservoir, crude oil is usually found in association with natural gas, which is lighter forms a "gas cap" over the petroleum, and saline water which, being heavier than most forms of crude oil, generally sinks beneath it.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following is a component of Petroleum?

  1. Paraffins

  2. Naphthenes

  3. Asphaltenes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum is a mixture of a very large number of different hydrocarbons; the most commonly found molecules are alkanes(kinds of paraffin), cycloalkanes(naphthenes), aromatic hydrocarbons, or more complicated chemicals like asphaltenes. Each petroleum variety has a unique mix of molecules, which define its physical and chemical properties, like colour and viscosity.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of the following hydrocarbon exists mostly in solid or liquid form under the earth surface?

  1. Ethane

  2. Methane

  3. Pentane

  4. Butane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In its strictest sense, petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage it includes all liquid, gaseous and solid hydrocarbons.Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, lighter hydrocarbons methane,ethane,propane and butane occur as gases, while pentane and heavier hydrocarbons are in the form of liquids or solids.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Which of them is/are not a light hydrocarbon?

  1. Ethane

  2. Hexane

  3. Pentane

  4. Propane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

In its strictest sense, petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage, it includes all liquid, gaseous and solid hydrocarbons.Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, lighter hydrocarbons methane, ethane, propane and butane occur as gases, while pentane and heavier hydrocarbons are in the form of liquids or solids.

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

Iso-octane reacts with oxygen:

  1. endothermically

  2. exothermically

  3. only some activation energy is required

  4. doesn't react
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 $2,2,4-$trimethylpentane (isooctane), widely used in gasoline, has a chemical formula of $C _8H _8$ and it reacts with oxygen exothermically as shown below:

$2C _8H _{18}(l) + 25O _2(g) \longrightarrow 16CO _2(g) + 18H _2O(g)$