Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

A fruit can be described as a ripened

  1. corolla

  2. androecium

  3. ovary

  4. calyx
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A mature fruit is botanically defined as a ripened ovary. After fertilization, the ovary wall develops into the fruit wall (pericarp) that protects the seeds. This is why all fruits contain seeds.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are INCORRECT?

  1. Geitonogamy is the pollination of a flower by the pollen from another flower of the same plant.
  2. Interfascicular cambium is developed from the cells of medullary ray.
  3. Age of a tree can be estimated by diameter of its heartwood.
  4. Lenticels are involved in transpiration.

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 4

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 3 and 4

  5. 2 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 2 is correct and statement 4 is incorrect.  Both statements are incorrect. 

Multiple choice

Read the following statements (A – E) and answer the question which follows them:

A. Meiosis takes place in megaspore. B. Perisperm is persistent nucellus within seeds. C. During seed germination, its stored food is mobilised by cytokinins. D. Hard outer layer of pollen is called intine. E. Seed coat of legumes is hard and thick due to the presence of sclereids.

How many of the above statements are correct?

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4

  5. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer. Only two statements (B and E) are correct. Meiosis takes place in meiocyte. Perisperm is persistent nucellus within seeds. During seed germination its stored food is mobilised by gibberellins. Hard outer layer of pollen is called exine. Seed coat of legumes is hard and thick due to presence of sclereids

Multiple choice

Find the odd one out.

  1. Widow flower

  2. Teasel

  3. Devil's bit

  4. Twinflower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Twinflower is an exception as it belongs to genera Linnaea of the family Caprifoliaceae. Thus, it is the odd one out.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about the family Asclepiadoideae is false?

  1. It contains a significant number of leafless stem succulents.

  2. The bright colour of its flowers attracts pollinators.

  3. Its pollen is grouped into pollinia.

  4. Rojasia and Microloma belong to this family.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the family Asclepiadoideae, it is not the colour of flowers which attracts pollinators. It is the fragrance of the flowers that attracts flies.

Multiple choice

Tanin and resins are stored by

  1. Parenchyma

  2. Collenchyma

  3. Sclerenchyma

  4. Sclereids

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cells are isodiametric, i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence, living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. Parenchyma which contain chlorophyll is called chlorenchyma.  It gives mechanical strength by maintaining turgidity and stores waste products like tanin, gum, crystals and resins.

Multiple choice

The presence of bundle sheath with chloroplast in the leaves which are granulated and lacking in starch is known as chloroplast dimorphism. Such feature is observed in

  1. hornwort

  2. wheat

  3. pineapple

  4. maize
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroplast dimorphism is seen in maize plant. Maize plant is a C4 plant. The bundle sheath cells contain starch-rich chloroplasts which differ from those in mesophyll cells present as the outer ring. Thus, chloroplasts are dimorphic.

Multiple choice

Phloem parenchyma is absent in

  1. dicot root

  2. dicot leaf

  3. all the stems

  4. monocot stem

  5. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phloem parenchyma is absent in monocot stem.