Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

The conversion of flower into fruit is also an example of _________.

  1. chemo-tropism

  2. hydrotropism

  3. thermotropism

  4. thigmotropism

  5. phototropism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chemo-tropism is the growth of organisms  such as bacteria and plants, navigated by chemical stimulus from outside of the organism or organisms part. An example of chemo-tropic movement can be seen during the growth of the pollen tube, where growth is always towards the ovules. The conversion of flower into fruit is also an example of chemo-tropism.

Multiple choice

Which among the following roots forms a three to five centimetre thick mat just below the leaf litter?

  1. Buttress roots

  2. Proteoid roots

  3. Hartig net

  4. Lateral roots

  5. Taproots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Proteoid roots form the clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets. They may form a two to five centimetre thick mat just beneath the leaf litter. They enhance nutrient uptake, possibly by chemically modifying the soil environment to improve nutrient solubilisation.

Multiple choice

The following description is for early events in lateral root formation of the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, where lateral roots generally grows when the plant is between six and eight days old. In which stage the primordium becomes three layers thick?

  1. Stage I

  2. Stage II

  3. Stage III

  4. Stage IV

  5. Stages V to VIII
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

At the third stage, the outer layer of cells divide so that the primordium is now made of three layers.

Multiple choice

Chasmogamous flowers are those which open only after self pollination. Which among the following does not characterises a chasmogamous flower?

  1. Self-fertilize

  2. Larger flowers

  3. Genes are exchanged between individuals

  4. Produces nector

  5. Fertilization often fails
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A cleistogamous flower is usually smaller and requires less energy to produce. It is also structured to bring its reproductive organs into contact, making it more likely that fertilization will be successful.

Multiple choice

The inflorescence found in onions is __________.

  1. panicle inflorescence

  2. racemose inflorescence

  3. indeterminate inflorescence

  4. single terminal flower inflorescence

  5. determinate inflorescence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

In determinate inflorescence the terminal axis is with a flower. In this type of inflorescence the youngest flowers are found on the bottom of an elongated axis or on the outside of a truncated axis. e.g. onions

Multiple choice

The fruits like pineapples and navel oranges are typical examples of

  1. vegetative parthenocarpy

  2. manipulation of steriods

  3. self-incompatibility

  4. chromosome inheritance

  5. aborted embryo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Some plants are self-sterile, i.e. they are not fertilised when pollinated by the same variety of plant. In order to produce fruits, these plants require pollen from plants of a different genetic makeup. Some examples of self-incompatible plants are pineapples, navel oranges, and clementines.

Multiple choice

Wood of gymnosperms lacks

  1. tracheids

  2. fibres

  3. vessels

  4. parenchyma

  5. endoderm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wood of gymnosperms lack vessels.