Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

In angiosperms, embryosac is developed from

  1. megaspore mother cell

  2. secondary nucleus

  3. endothecium

  4. microspore mother cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. On the basis of participation of megaspore nuclei, the development of embryosac may be monosporic, bisporic of tetrasporic.

Multiple choice

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus causes ring rot in potatoes. It resides in which of the following during the first stage of invasion?

  1. Plant leaves

  2. Xylem vessels

  3. Phloem vessels

  4. Parenchymatous tissue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the first stages of invasion, Clavibacter michiganensis resides as a biotrophic pathogen in the xylem vessels. They multiply by binary fission inside the vessel and establish colony there. If colonisation is successful, they may plug the xylem vessels.

Multiple choice

From which part of a sugarcane plant is sugar extracted?

  1. Seed

  2. Stem

  3. Root

  4. Fruit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Different parts of different plants are used to obtain food products, such as seeds of mustard give oil, stem of sugarcane is processed to get sugar, leaves of mint and spinach are used directly. 

Multiple choice

What is the nature of coralloid roots?

  1. Aerial

  2. Phototropic

  3. Positively geotropic

  4. Negatively geotropic

  5. Apogeotropic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Coralloid roots are apogeotropic, that is they grow upward toward the surface of the soil, instead of downward into its depths. When the roots grow upwards it is called as apogeotropism and negatively geotropism is specifically used for stems and not for roots.

Multiple choice

Vascular bundle of a leaflet of cycas is ______.

  1. endarch or exarch

  2. endarch

  3. exarch

  4. mesarch

  5. none of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Here, there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the middle of a strand in both directions. Such an arrangement of centripetal and centrifugal xylem is called diploxylic condition.

Multiple choice

The leaf of cycas shows ______.

  1. hydrophytic character

  2. xerophytic character

  3. mesophytic characters

  4. halophytic characters

  5. lithophytic characters
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Xerophytes reside in dry conditions. Cycas possess xerophytic characters as it grows in the scarcity of water.

Multiple choice

Which kind of vernation does the young leaves of cycas have?

  1. Circinate vernation

  2. Convolute vernation

  3. Involute vernation

  4. Twisted vernation

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When the leaf emerges, it is tightly curled so that the tender growing tip of the frond (and each subdivision of the frond) is protected within a coil.

Multiple choice

The vascular bundle of cycas stem are ____________.

  1. conjoint

  2. radial

  3. collateral and closed

  4. conjoint, collateral and open

  5. conjoint, collateral and closed
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperm stem usually contains conjoint,  collateral and open vascular bundles, i.e.,  cambium is present between xylem and phloem and is responsible for the secondary growth.

Multiple choice

What type of leaf does a Cycas plant have?

  1. Unipinnately compound

  2. Bipinnately compound

  3. Tripinnately compound

  4. Paripinnately compound

  5. Tetrapinnately compound
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. Once-divided leaf blades having leaflets arranged on single side of a rachis are unipinnately compound leaves.

Multiple choice

In cycas which structure is equivalent to stamens?

  1. Megasporophyll

  2. Microsporophyll

  3. Microsporangium

  4. Megasporangium

  5. Male cone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Microsporophyll are the male cones which possess microsporangia. These are equivalent to the stamens of angiosperms.