Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about sclereids is false?

  1. They have highly thickened lignified walls.

  2. They are always isodiametric in shape.

  3. Cores of apples are due to sclereids.

  4. They protect other cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is false. Sclereids have variable shapes. The cells can be isodiametric, prosenchymatic, forked or elaborately branched.

Multiple choice

‘Kranz anatomy’ is a characteristic feature of

  1. C3 plants

  2. C2 plants

  3. C4 plants

  4. any angiospemic plant

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 'Kranz anatomy’ is a special structure in the leaves of plants that have a C4 pathway of carbon dioxide fixation. The leaves contain a ring of mesophyll cells, containing a few small chloroplasts concerned with the initial fixing of carbon dioxide, surrounding a sheath of parenchyma cells.

Multiple choice

In a plant, the shoot system consists of

  1. stem

  2. leaves

  3. flowers and fruits

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The shoot system includes all aerial parts of a plant: stem provides structural support and transport; leaves carry out photosynthesis; flowers and fruits are involved in reproduction. Option D correctly combines all these components.

Multiple choice

Though ginger grows underground, yet it is not a root because

  1. it is provided with distinct nodes and inter-nodes

  2. it possesses axillary bud and terminal bud

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. it stores food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ginger is provided with distinct nodes and inter-nodes and also possesses axillary and terminal buds. Differentiation of stem into nodes and inter-nodes and the presence of buds qualifies ginger to be a stem.

Multiple choice

How many types of gametes are produced by plant having genotype RrYy?

  1. 2

  2. 4

  3. 6

  4. 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A plant with genotype RrYy has two heterozygous gene pairs. Following Mendel's law of independent assortment, it produces 2^2 = 4 types of gametes: RY, Ry, rY, and ry. Each allele combination is equally likely. This is a classic dihybrid cross result.

Multiple choice

When is the leaf insertion said to be ramal?

  1. When the leaves are present on the nodes of the branches

  2. When the leaves are present directly on the nodes of the main stem

  3. When the leaves are present on the apical position on the stem

  4. When the leaves are present on the reduced discoid stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ramal is a sencondary position insertion, leaves are borne on branches