Biology · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Enzymes

1,432 Questions

This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.

Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties

Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Enzymes can be immobilized by

  1. Cross-linking enzyme molecules

  2. Covalently attaching to a solid support

  3. Entrapping them in gel

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

There are four principal methods available for immobilizing enzymes as follows:

(a) Enzyme non-covalently adsorbed to an insoluble particle; 
(b) Enzyme covalently attached to an insoluble particle; 
(c) Enzyme entrapped within an insoluble particle by a cross-linked polymer; 
(d) Enzyme confined within a semi-permeable membrane.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Single cell protein refers to

  1. Specific protein extracted from pure culture of single type of cells.

  2. Sources of mixed proteins extracted from pure or mixed culture of organisms or cells.

  3. Proteins extracted from a single cell.

  4. A specific protein extracted from a single cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Single-cell protein refers to sources of mixed protein extracted from pure or mixed cultures of algae, yeasts, fungi or bacteria (grown on agricultural wastes) used as a substitute for protein-rich foods, in human and animal feeds.

Multiple choice biology biotechnology and genetic engineering stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

Which of the following is used to promote the growth of new blood vessels, thus help in wound healing?

  1. Humulin

  2. TPA
  3. TGF-$\beta$
  4. $\alpha$-1 antitrypsin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) is a protein that plays a critical role in tissue repair, cell growth, and the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) during wound healing.

Multiple choice

Lack of essential amino acids affects:

  1. Production of glycogen

  2. Breakdown of glycogen

  3. Production of proteins

  4. Breakdown of proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are composed of amino acids. If essential amino acids are missing from the diet, the body cannot synthesize the specific proteins required for growth and repair.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Detailed structure of biological molecules can be known with the help of _____________.

  1. Atomic force microscope.

  2. Scanning probe microscope.

  3. Scanning tunneling microscope.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy capable of imaging surfaces at the atomic level, providing detailed topographical information about biological molecules.

Multiple choice

What happens when a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein?

  1. a second messenger is activated inside the receiving cell

  2. the permeability of the cell changes

  3. enzyme activity is triggered in the cell

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Binding of a signal molecule to a receptor can trigger various cellular responses, including activation of second messengers, changes in membrane permeability, and alteration of enzyme activity.

Multiple choice

Study of protein structure are

  1. Genomics

  2. Proteomics

  3. Both a ,b

  4. All
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteomes, which are the entire sets of proteins produced or modified by an organism. This field includes the study of protein structures, functions, and interactions.

Multiple choice

Proteomics is

  1. Study of enzyme

  2. Study of amino acid

  3. Study of protein

  4. Study of cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. While proteins are made of amino acids and include enzymes, the term specifically refers to the entire complement of proteins.

Multiple choice

Nitrogenase enzyme has

  1. 4 and 2 subunit

  2. 3 and 5 subunit

  3. Only 4 subuniit

  4. 2 and 5 subunit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The nitrogenase enzyme complex consists of two proteins: the Fe protein, which is a homodimer (2 subunits), and the MoFe protein, which is a heterotetramer (4 subunits). Together, they form the active complex with 4 and 2 subunits.

Multiple choice

Which protein present in silk fabric

  1. Siri sine ,fibroien

  2. Lactose

  3. Amines

  4. Melamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Silk is primarily composed of two proteins: fibroin, which forms the structural core of the fiber, and sericin, which acts as a sticky material surrounding the fibers.

Multiple choice

Beta-pleated and alpha helix are found in which structure?

  1. Primary

  2. Tertiary

  3. Secondary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are the two most common folding patterns found in the secondary structure of proteins. They are stabilized primarily by hydrogen bonds along the polypeptide backbone.