Biomolecules and Enzymes

Nitrogen is a major constituent of proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, and hormones, making it essential for plant growth and development.

Magnesium (Mg) acts as an activator for both Rubisco (in the Calvin cycle) and PEP carboxylase (in C4 and CAM photosynthesis).

Prions are infectious agents composed entirely of protein material that can fold in multiple, structurally abstract ways, at least one of which is transmissible to other prion proteins.

The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) for proteins typically ranges from 0.8 to 0.9 depending on the amino acid composition.

Proteins are broken down into amino acids by enzymes known as proteases, which is the first step in protein catabolism.

Enzymes are catalysts that are not consumed in reactions, so they are indeed re-usable. The statement claiming they are not re-usable is false.

Proteins are large molecules made up of long chains of smaller units called amino acids.

Aldehydes, such as glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde, act as disinfectants by cross-linking proteins and nucleic acids, which inactivates them.

Catalase is the enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, protecting the cell from oxidative damage.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the universal genetic material for all known living organisms. It encodes the instructions for life.

Proteins are polymers composed of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds. The sequence of these amino acids determines the protein's function.

Albumin is a globular protein, meaning it is folded into a compact, spherical shape. Globular proteins are typically water-soluble and perform various functional roles.

Proteins are built from amino acids and are essential for maintaining cell structure (e.g., cytoskeleton) and function.

The suffix -ase is the standard naming convention for enzymes. Other biomolecules have different naming conventions, such as -ose for many carbohydrates.