Biology · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Enzymes

1,432 Questions

This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.

Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties

Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following.

 
Column - I Column - II
A. NhaA family 1. Belongs to the ion transporter superfamily
B. NhaB family 2. Consists of a single protein of 64 amino acyl residues in length with 2 transmembrane segments
C. XanPHol family 3. Contains a number of bacterial sodium-proton antiporter proteins

  1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3

  2. A - 3, B - 1, C - 2

  3. A - 2, B - 3, C - 1

  4. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3

  5. A - 3, B - 2, C - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Correct answer. NhaA family contains a number of bacterial sodium-proton antiporter proteins. NhaB family belongs to the ion transporter superfamily. XanPHol family consists of a single protein of 64 amino acyl residues in length with 2 transmembrane segments.  

Multiple choice

Match List I (polymers) with List II (types of hybridisation).

 
List I List II
(i) Cellulosome a. Nitrocellulose
(ii) Ethulose b. Membrane made of cellulose
(iii) Cuprophane c. Laxative
(iv) Parkesine d. Multi-enzyme complex

  1. (i) - d, (ii) - c, (iii) - b, (iv) - a

  2. (i) - a, (ii) - c, (iii) - b, (iv) - d

  3. (i) - c, (ii) - d, (iii) - b, (iv) - a

  4. (i) - d, (ii) - b, (iii) - c, (iv) - a

  5. (i) - b, (ii) - d, (iii) - a, (iv) - c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct. Cellulosome is a multi-enzyme complex. Ethulose is a laxative. Cuprophane is a membrane made of cellulose. Parkesine is a nitrocellulose.

Multiple choice

The permeases are

  1. structural membrane proteins

  2. enzymatic membrane proteins

  3. carrier membrane proteins

  4. None of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Permeases are carrier membrane proteins which helps in transmembrane transportation.

Multiple choice

Enzymes behave as

  1. proteins

  2. fats

  3. carbohydrates

  4. nucleic acid

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most enzymes are proteins, although a few are catalytic RNA molecules. 

Multiple choice

Which amino acid acts as alpha-helix terminator?

  1. Proline

  2. Tryptophan

  3. Lysine

  4. Tyrosine

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Proline acts as a structural disruptor in the middle of regular secondary structure elements, such as alpha helices and beta sheets.

Multiple choice

Which of the following compounds shows the aromatic properties?

  1. Valine

  2. Leucine

  3. Serine

  4. Tryosine

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because the tryosine can represent the aromatic properties. It is a alpha-amino beta(p-hydroxyphenyl) propionoic acid. It has aromatic nucleus. It is aromatic amino acid.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are not false?

  1. The solubility of α-Amino acid is minimum at isoelectric point.

  2. The blood platelets provides immunity against microorganisms.

  3. The bigger molecules are breaking down in smaller molecules during respiration.

  4. Cancer is a congenital disease.

  5. Denaturation involves changes in the primary structure of proteins.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is true because at isoelectric point an α-amino acid has the minimum solubility.

Multiple choice

Proteolytic protein digesting enzymes belongs to _____.

  1. hydrolases

  2. transferases

  3. lyases

  4. isomerases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This class of enzymes, are involved in the catalysis of chemical reactions, in which the chemical bonds are broken off through the addition, of a molecule of water. More properly, it can be understood as the addition of hydrogen [H] to a fragment of the molecule, while a hydroxide [OH] ion is fixed to the other molecule fragment. This important class of enzymes includes the familiar proteolytic protein digesting enzymes, the lipolytic fat digesting enzymes and the amylolytic carbohydrate digesting enzymes.

Multiple choice

Transamides are examples of _____.

  1. hdrolases

  2. transferases

  3. lyases

  4. isomerases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This class of enzymes is responsible for the catalysis, of biochemical reactions, during which the ions other than hydrogen are transferred, between the reactants. A good example of this type of enzyme, is the class known as the transamidases, that transfer amide ions across reactants; many medical diagnostic techniques employ these enzymes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an acute phase protein in human beings?

  1. Serum amyloid P component

  2. Chondroitin sulphate

  3. C-reactive protein

  4. Mannose binding lectin

  5. Fibrinogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chondroitin sulphate is a molecule that is found naturally in the body. It has mostly been used to treat joint disorders such as osteoarthritis. This is a cell matrix component.

Multiple choice

Directions: Select the most appropriate filler for the blank such that the sentence makes coherent sense.

The chemicals themselves are _____________ of protein and nucleic acid.

  1. pillars

  2. molecules

  3. splinters

  4. categories

  5. fragments
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) and (3) are absurd as they do not make any sense. Options (4) and (5) are grammatically correct but factually word 'molecules' is far more suited in this sentence. Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

The monomers used to synthesize proteins are called:

  1. Nucleotides

  2. Fatty acids

  3. Amino acids

  4. Sugars
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They band together in chains to form proteins.It's a two-step process: Amino acids get together and form peptides or polypeptides. It is from these groupings that proteins are made. A total of 20 different kinds of amino acids forms proteins. The kinds of amino acids determine the shape of the proteins formed. Commonly recognized amino acids include glutamine, glycine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and valine.