Law Legal Studies · Civics Polity

Applied Ethical and Legal Principles

2,564 Questions

Applied ethical and legal principles questions cover autonomy, transparency, and informed consent in professional and medical settings. Topics also include environmental justice, libertarianism, and social welfare concepts. These questions are crucial for law, public policy, and civil services examinations.

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Applied Ethical and Legal Principles Questions

Multiple choice technology security

What are the fundamental principles of Security?

  1. Availability, Integrity, Confidentiality

  2. Usability, Reliability, Accountability

  3. Quality, Accountability, Integrity

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The CIA triad - Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability - are the fundamental principles of information security. All security controls and policies are designed to protect these three attributes of information and systems.

Multiple choice technology security

What are the fundamental principles of Security?

  1. Availability, Integrity, Confidentiality

  2. Usability, Reliability, Accountability

  3. Quality, Accountability, Integrity

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The CIA triad - Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability - are the foundational principles of information security. Usability, reliability, quality, and accountability are important but are not the core security principles that define the discipline.

Multiple choice

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Directive principles of state policy are:

(1) Directives in the nature of ideals of the state

(2) Directives influencing and shaping the ploicy of states

(3) Non-justiciable rights of the citizens

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 3 only

  4. 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Directive principles of state policy are the directives given to the state for good administration. They are non-justiciable, i.e if not implemented they cannot be challenged in the court of law. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following choices, as provided under the Rules of Court, does not form part of the basis of applying the principle of quantum merit or “as much as he deserves”?

  1. The skill demanded

  2. The importance of the subject

  3. The length of membership in the integrate

  4. The contingency or certainty of compensation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The contingency or certainty of compensation does not formpart of the basis of applying the principle of quantum meruit or “as much as he deserves”

Multiple choice

Utilitarian principle stands for

  1. welfare of all

  2. welfare of few

  3. welfare of man

  4. welfare to the maximum number
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Utilitarian principle is intended to guide all human action and is to be used to make all moral evaluations.

Multiple choice

Which one is the most important principle of Business Ethics?

  1. Principle of unity of direction.

  2. Principle of proportional judgement.

  3. Principle of scalar chain.

  4. Principle of span of control.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Business ethics requires balancing multiple considerations, and proportional judgement is the most fundamental principle - it emphasizes that ethical decisions must weigh competing interests fairly rather than applying absolute rules. The other options - unity of direction, scalar chain, and span of control - are principles of organizational structure and management from Henri Fayol's 14 principles, not specifically ethical principles.

Multiple choice

Directions: Answer the following question by selecting the most appropriate option.

Human development is based on certain principles. Which of the following is not a principle of human development?

  1. Continuity

  2. Sequentiality

  3. General to Specific

  4. Reversible
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Human development principles include continuity (development is ongoing), sequentiality (development follows orderly steps), and general-to-specific (development progresses from broad abilities to specific skills). Development is NOT reversible: once developmental milestones are achieved, they form the foundation for subsequent stages and cannot be undone.

Multiple choice

Public Administration must scrupulously observe the principle of:

  1. Differential Treatment

  2. Internal Financial Control

  3. Consistency of Treatment

  4. Redressal of all Grievances
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Consistency of treatment is a fundamental principle of public administration, ensuring that all citizens are treated equally under the law without bias or favoritism. This is linked to the concept of the Rule of Law and administrative impartiality. Differential treatment would violate the principle of equality.

Multiple choice

Directions: Select the option that fills in the blanks most suitably in the same order.

The principle of equality should not imply a leveling down, but should be sensitive to the __________ of human needs and to the __________ means that may be required for their satisfaction.

  1. universality … verifiable

  2. imprudence … intrepid

  3. plurality … diverse

  4. inequity … atavistic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The filler should logically be different needs and different means. (3) is the best fit.

Multiple choice

As a District Collector you receive a complaint regarding embezzlement and other malpractices in the ‘Food for Work’ programme running in your district. It is alleged that a cartel of contractors who are close to the ruling party are in control of the entire programme. They are either not distributing the food grains or distributing lesser quantities of food grain while taking receipts from workers and raising the bill for the full amount. Your subordinate officials feel that the complaint is politically motivated as elections are due in the State in the next six months and the people in question enjoy immense political patronage. They suggest that to buy time the complaint be forwarded to the Commissioner and his directions be sought. What would you consider the best course of action?

  1. Call the contractors and officials in question and direct them to mend their ways otherwise you will be forced to take action

  2. Seek directions of Commissioner as suggested by the subordinate officials and buy time

  3. Scrutinise the accounts of the scheme yourself but not order an inquiry as you would have to face political pressure

  4. Order and inquiry despite possibility of political pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

2.5 marks for Option (d) 1.5 marks for Option (b) 0 marks for Option (a) or (c) Rationale/ Reasoning (d) In the case of a serious allegation of a scam, it is best to order an enquiry. This is essential to detect and book the culprits, if any and save the government’s exchequer from being drained any further. Not doing so may also be interpreted as a sign of complicity of the authorities who over-looked to do so. (b) Option (b) is not the best course of action. But it is a better course of action than the other two options. By reporting the matter to Commissioner and seeking his directions, at least you are keeping your own slate clear. (a) & (c) Calling the contractors/officials and chiding them or scrutinising the accounts yourself would not help in bringing the wrong doers in the folds of law or in recovering the looted money. The best course of action is to order an enquiry. Principle/ Value Tested Conviction to take seemingly tough decisions in the call of duty              

Multiple choice

What kind of result is professed by the principle of need?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question.

The principles of equity, equality, and need are most relevant in the context of distributive justice, but might play a role in a variety of social justice issues. These principles all appeal to the notion of just desserts, the idea that fair treatment is a matter of giving people what they deserve. In general, people deserve to be rewarded for their effort and productivity, punished for their transgressions, treated as equal persons, and have their basic needs met. However, because these principles may come into conflict, it is often difficult to achieve all of these goals simultaneously. According to the principle of equity, a fair economic system is one that distributes goods to individuals in proportion to their input. While input typically comes in the form of productivity, ability or talent might also play a role. People who produce more or better products...either by working harder, or by being more talented, this argument goes, should be paid more for their efforts than should people who produce less. Note that this sort of distribution may not succeed in meeting the needs of all members of society. In addition, the idea that justice requires the unequal treatment of unequals is in tension with the principle of equality. This principle of egalitarianism suggests that the fairest allocation is one that distributes benefits and burdens equally among all parties. If there are profits of \$100,000, and 10 people in the company, the principle of equality would suggest that everyone would get \$10,000. This principle, however, ignores differences in effort, talent, and productivity. Also, because people have different needs, an equal initial distribution may not result in an equal outcome.
A principle of need, on the other hand, proposes that we strive for an equal outcome in which all society or group members get what they need. Thus poor people would get more money, and richer people would get less. This principle is sometimes criticised because it does not recognise differences in productive contributions or distinguish between real needs and manifested needs.
Some have suggested that equity, equality, and need are not principles adopted for their own sake but rather ones endorsed to advance some social goal. For example, while equity tends to foster productivity, principles of equality and need tend to stress the importance of positive interpersonal relationships and a sense of belonging among society members.

  1. A negative outcome is partial to what is expected by members of the society.

  2. An effort towards an equal outcome in which the members of society get what they need.

  3. Some social goals in opposition to economic goals as professed before.

  4. Only to promote a sense of security among the members of society.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A principle of need, on the other hand, proposes that we strive for an equal outcome in which all society or group members get what they need.

Multiple choice political science directive principles of state policy savings, investment, wealth, welfare and business cycle fundamental duties and directive principles fundamental duties and directive principles of state policy

Which one is not a Directive Principle?

  1. Equal pay for equal work

  2. Prevention of cow slaughter

  3. Pollution control

  4. Promotion of international peace
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Article 39 lays down certain principles of policy to be followed by the State, including providing an adequate means of livelihood for all citizens, equal pay for equal work for men and women, proper working conditions, reduction of the concentration of wealth and means of production from the hands of a few, and distribution of community resources to subserve the common good. Article 48 of the Constitution of India mandates the state to prohibit the slaughter of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle. The State, according to Article 51, must also strive for the promotion of international peace and security, and Parliament has been empowered under Article 253 to make laws giving effect to international treaties. Prohibition of cow slaughter is a Directive Principles of State Policy contained in Article 48 of the Constitution.