To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of structure-based test design techniques. Let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:
Option A) Models, either formal or informal, are used for the specification of the problem to be solved, the software or its components. - This option is incorrect because it describes a feature of specification-based test design techniques, not structure-based test design techniques. In specification-based techniques, models are used to specify the problem or software components.
Option B) Knowledge of testers, developers, users, and other stakeholders about the software, its usage, and its environment. - This option is incorrect because it describes a feature of experience-based test design techniques, not structure-based test design techniques. In experience-based techniques, knowledge and expertise of stakeholders are used to derive test cases.
Option C) Information about how the software is constructed is used to derive the test cases, for example, code and design. - This option is correct because it describes a feature of structure-based test design techniques. In structure-based techniques, information about the internal structure of the software, such as code and design, is used to derive test cases. This includes techniques like statement coverage, branch coverage, and path coverage.
Option D) Knowledge about likely defects and their distribution. - This option is incorrect because it does not specifically describe a feature of structure-based test design techniques. Knowledge about likely defects and their distribution can be useful in any test design technique, including structure-based, specification-based, and experience-based techniques.
The correct answer is Option C. This option is correct because it accurately describes a feature of structure-based test design techniques, where information about how the software is constructed is used to derive test cases.