Tag: zoology

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Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The scientist who first stressed on adaptation as a means of evolutionary modification was 

  1. Huxley

  2. Weismann

  3. Charles Lyell

  4. Lamarck
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The first theory of evolution was proposed by Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. Lamarckism proposed

  • Some internal forces are present in all organisms. By the presence of these forces, the organism has the tendency to increase the size of their organs or the entire body.
  • Environment influences all type of organisms. Changing environment give rise to new needs. New needs or desires produce new structure and change habits of the organism.
  • If an organ is constantly used, it would be better developed whereas disuse of organ results in its degeneration.

So, the correct option is 'Lamarck'

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Lamarckism cannot explain

  1. Webbed toes in aquatic birds

  2. Weak muscles in the son of a wrestler

  3. Long narrow and limbless body of snakes

  4. Heterophylly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck in his use and disuse theory proposed that any body part used vigorously caused it to become stronger and inherited in descendants. Lamarckism was failed to explain the reason behind weak muscles of wrestler’s son. Which was later on explained by August Weismann in his germ plasm theory. The germplasm theory claimed that only those changes would be inherited that affects germplasm (now called DNA) and any change in the body would not affect germplasm, so could not be inherited. Thus, the correct answer is ‘Weak muscles in the son of a wrestler.’

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Lamarck believed that certain parts of the body became more complex through the generations because they

  1. are most similar to Gods perfection

  2. contribute to greater reproductive success

  3. are predetermined to do so

  4. are used more extensively than other parts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck believed that evolution occurs when an organism uses a body part in such a way that it is altered during its lifetime and this change is then inherited by its offspring. For example, Lamarck thought that giraffes evolved their long neck s by each generation stretching further to get leaves. This theory was called the Use and Disuse of Organs.

Hence, the correct answer is 'are used more extensively that other parts'

Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

According to the neo-Darwinian theory, which of the following is responsible for the origin of new species?

  1. Mutations

  2. Useful variations

  3. Mutations together with natural selection

  4. Hybridization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to the Neo-Darwinian theory, mutations together with natural selection results in origin of new species.

Neo-Darwinism is the "modern synthesis" of Darwinian evolution through natural selection with Mendelian genetics, the latter being a set of primary tenets specifying that evolution involves the transmission of characteristics from parent to child through the mechanism of genetic transfer, rather than the "blending process" of pre-Mendelian evolutionary science. Neo-Darwinism can also designate Charles Darwin's ideas of natural selection separated from his hypothesis of Pangenesis as a Lamarckian source of variation involving blending inheritance.

Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following is the evidence for Darwin's theory of common descent?

  1. There are patterns in the fossil record that suggest other species have diverged from a single ancestor species.

  2. There are biogeographic patterns in the distribution of species, for instance distinct bird species on an island tend to resemble one another, suggesting a common ancestor.

  3. There are common stages in the early embryological development of organisms representing several distinct vertebrate groups.

  4. All of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Darwin's theory of common descent is supported by evidence from the fossil record, biogeography, and comparative embryology, all of which indicate shared ancestry.

Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following is responsible for evolution according to Neo-darwinism?

  1. Mutation

  2. Natural selection

  3. Adaptive radiation

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Natural selection is the core creative agent in evolution, mutations, variations, are also factors leading to the development of new species. Organisms more suited to the environmental conditions will survive empowering the forces of competition. The organism with beneficial mutations, stronger genotype will be the fittest and will survive. After successive generations, all the stronger gene pool leads to an evolution of new species.

Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Neo-Darwinism believes that new species develop through

  1. Continuous variations and natural selection

  2. Mutation with natural selection

  3. Hybridization

  4. Mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Neo-Darwinism is a modification of the original theory of Darwin to remove its shortcomings. Instead of continous variations, mutations are believed to help form new species. Variations accumulate in the gene pool and not in the individuals. 

Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following can be said as the "Theory of Darwin"

  1. Survival of the fittest and struggle for existence

  2. Weak and strong always maintain a fixed proportion

  3. Different species do not arise by genetic mutation

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Darwin believed that life thrives and multiplies by the principle of natural selection.
The theory of natural selection had the following postulates: 

1) Increased reproduction- He said that each and every organism or species tend to reproduce to the maximum to let its species live and multiply. 
2) The arithmetic growth of food and availability of space.
3) Survival of the fittest- Darwin’s theory of natural selection thus believes that those who can survive till the end are the ones that nature selects.
4) Variations- Due to this struggle for food and space, each organism or species tend to get an advantage over the other.
5) Struggle for existence - with a rapidly multiplying population, there is an increased demand for both space and food. The organism or species that is able to fight its own species or the other species or the environment itself lives. 

So option A is the correct answer and B and  C are not related to the Theory of darwin.
Multiple choice zoology universe and organic evolution darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Why, according to our reading, did Darwin take so long to publish the Origin of Species?

  1. Darwin wanted to share his theory as quickly as possible once he returned from his voyage on the Beagle.

  2. It took twenty years for Darwin to develop a theory.

  3. Darwin suffered from a number of illnesses.

  4. Darwin was concerned about the reaction of others to the implications of his theory.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Darwin delayed publishing 'On the Origin of Species' for many years because he was acutely aware of the controversial nature of his theory and the potential social and religious backlash.