Tag: zoology

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Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following explained evolution in most acceptable form?

  1. Lamarck, Darwin, Hugo de Vries

  2. Anaximander, Darwin, Malthus

  3. F. Redi, Richter, Cuvier

  4. Lamarck, Hardy Weinberg, Darwin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The modern synthesis of evolution combines Darwin's natural selection, Lamarck's early observations (though modified), and Hugo de Vries's mutation theory, providing the most comprehensive framework.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Which of the following facts develop suspicions in Lamarckism?

  1. Human females are not born with bored ear pinna although they have been bored for thousand of years.

  2. Giraffe has long neck to eat leaves of tall trees.

  3. A stag can run fast to protect against the enemies.

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarckism was disproved later after putting up the human ear piercing example. Lamarckism which is otherwise called as use and disuse theory advocated the idea that animals acquired characteristics after using certain physical traits constantly.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

During a conversation at the dinner table, a high school student tells his mother that, "At first all giraffes had short necks because they all ate leaves close to the ground, but when all those leaves were gone some giraffes started being born with long necks".
Which statement would be most helpful for the student to understand the concept?

  1. Phenotypic variations occur through random mutations which are then selected for or against.

  2. The phenotype for neck length changed in giraffes so that the species did not go extinct.

  3. Short-necked giraffes developed long necks in response to increased competition for food.

  4. When the environment changed, the struggle to exist created new mutations in the gene pool and natural selection acted on them.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

For the giraffes, the change in the position of the food  (leaves) from near to ground level to higher on the trees, triggered for adaptation to prevent extinction. So, those giraffes that underwent genetic changes/variations and developed long necks were able to obtain food and survive in the changed environmental conditions, while others perished, as this change in the genetic pool was beneficial for the giraffes propagation. It was passed on to next generation and so the modern day giraffe has long necks.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The phenotypic determination by genetic variation in a population refers to the degree of

  1. Fitness

  2. Heritability

  3. Limited environmental resources

  4. Overproduction of offspring

  5. Phenotypic variation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The observed phenotypic variations of a trait in a population which is caused by genetic variation are called as heritability. It shows the extent to which a trait is determined genetically. Fitness refers to the ability of survival and production of fertile offspring. Limited environmental resources lead to the struggle for existence, not phenotypic variations. Overproduction of offspring represents the biotic potential of species.  

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

In order to increase its population through natural selection, an allele should have one of the following features.

  1. Individuals with the allele are better able to find food.

  2. Individuals with the allele are better able to resist disease.

  3. Individuals with the allele have an increased ability to find and retain mates.

  4. Individuals with the allele produce more offspring that reach adulthood.

  5. Individuals with the allele have a longer lifespan than those without it.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A trait is favored by natural selection when it imparts reproductive fitness to the population. Reproductive fitness refers to ability of organisms to pass traits to offspring. This makes option D correct as individual with allele that enable it to produce fertile and viable offspring is favored by natural selection. 

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

The present giraffe has a long neck as compared to its ancestors. Lamarck believed it could be due to

  1. Natural selection

  2. Isolation

  3. Inheritance of acquired characters

  4. Speciation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarck explained the long neck of giraffes by suggesting that ancestors stretched their necks to reach higher leaves, and this acquired trait was passed to offspring.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Who first placed fossils in chronological series in evolutionary context?

  1. Leonardo da Vinci

  2. Lamarck

  3. Cuvier

  4. Darwin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The first theory of evolution was proposed by Jean Baptiste de Lamarck. Lamarckism proposed:

  • Some internal forces are present in all organisms. By the presence of these forces, the organism has the tendency to increase the size of their organs or the entire body.
  • Environment influences all type of organisms. Changing environment give rise to new needs. New needs or desires produce new structure and change habits of the organism.
  • If an organ is constantly used, it would be better developed whereas disuse of organ results in its degeneration.

So, the correct option is 'Lamarck'.

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Key point of Lamarck's view about organic evolution is that every offspring 

  1. Is similar to its parent.

  2. Inherits characters acquired by the parental generation.

  3. Shows struggle for existence.

  4. Repeats phylogeny in its ontogeny.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
According to Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired characters, the skills or morphological changes acquired by an organism during its lifetime will be passed on to the next generation.
So, the correct answer is'Inherits characters acquired by the parental generation'
Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

Lamrck's theory of evolution fails to explain 

  1. Indian women have been getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but not a single baby with pierced ears is born.

  2. Giraffes have long necks because they have to eat leaves from the tall trees on their habitat.

  3. Deer have the capacity to escape from agile enemies because these can run very fast.

  4. High attitude pines have branches which slope down so that snow fails to collect them in winter.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Indian women have getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but this character does not passed to any offspring, this casts doubt on lamarck's theory of evolution. Later on, in Neo-lamarckism it was explained that only those characters will be inherited which can affect germ cells, while characters that affect somatic cells do not pass to descendants. Thus, the correct answer is 'Indian women have been getting their ears pierced for thousands of years, but not a single baby with pierced ears is born.'

Multiple choice zoology evolution of life darwin's theory of evolution process of evolution lamarckism

As per Lamarck, well developed auricle muscles of rabbit have evolved due to

  1. Continuous use

  2. Internal vital force

  3. New need

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lamarckism is the theory of acquired characters, it includes :

  • Internal vital forces. 
  • Effects of environment and new needs. 
  • Use and disuse of organs. 
  • Inheritance of acquired characters.

So, the correct option is 'Continuous use'