Tag: zoology

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Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) are important in

  1. Nitrate uptake

  2. Phosphate uptake

  3. Both A and B

  4. Sulphate uptake
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
An arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus is a type of mycorrhiza characterized by the formation of unique structures, arbuscules and vesicles. VAM fungi help plants to capture nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen and micronutrients from the soil. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae are important in helping the plant's nitrate and phosphate uptake. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Biofertilizers are

  1. Any free living soil bacteria

  2. Fertilizers formed by ploughing in legumes

  3. Fertilizers obtained by decay of dead organisms

  4. Fertilisers prepared by mixing cattle dung with crop residues
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Biofertilizers are the suspension of microorganism which is formed by ploughing in legumes. They enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilizers are bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Biofertilizers will help solve such problems as increased salinity of the soil and chemical run-offs from the agricultural fields.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Which of the following is a non-symbiotic biofertilizer?

  1. VAM

  2. Azotobacter

  3. Anabaena

  4. Rhizobium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrogen is the important nutrient for plant growth. Plant obtains nitrogen from the atmosphere with the help of symbiotic and free nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Azotobacter  is aerobic free living nitrogen fixing organism and fixes atmospheric nitrogen non-symbiotically. Therefore, all plants, trees, vegetables get benefited. Whereas VAM, Anabaena and Rhizobium are the symbiotic organisms. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

The specialized structures in blue algae which fixes atmospheric nitrogen is called

  1. Heterocyst

  2. Endospore

  3. Oospore

  4. Conidiospore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A heterocyst is a differentiated cyanobacterial cell that carries out nitrogen fixation under aerobic conditions. They are formed in response to a lack of fixed nitrogen.
Whereas an endospore is a dormant, tough, non-reproductive structure produced by a small number of bacteria from the Firmicute family. The primary function of most endospores is to ensure the survival of a bacterium through periods of environmental stress.
An oospore is a thick-walled sexual spore that develops from a fertilized oosphere in some algae, fungi, and Oomycetes. In Oomycetes, oospores can also result from asexual reproduction, by apomixis.
Conidiospore - an asexually produced fungal spore formed on a conidiophore. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Which of the following is a biofertilizer?

  1. Funaria

  2. Fern

  3. Anabaena

  4. Fungus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Blue-green alga like Nostoc, Anabaena fix atmospheric nitrogen and hence enhance soil fertility. Hence, these organisms are used as biofertilizers. Blue-green alga has special thick-walled cells, called as heterocysts, which carry on the process of fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

A green manure supplies

  1. Organic matter

  2. Additional nitrogen

  3. Protect soil against erosion and leaching

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Green manure acts mainly as soil acidifying matter to decrease the alkalinity/pH of alkali soils by generating humic acid and acetic acid. The root systems of some varieties of green manure grow deep in the soil and bring up nutrient resources unavailable to shallower-rooted crops. Erosion control is often also taken into account when selecting which green manure cover crop to plant.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Main reason of water bloom in rivers, lakes, sea etc., is

  1. Brown algae and Green algae

  2. Cyanobacteria and Dinoflagellates

  3. Eichornia

  4. Fishes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Water bloom is a dense aquatic population of microscopic photosynthetic organisms produced by an abundance of nutrient salts in surface water, coupled with adequate sunlight for photosynthesis. The microorganisms or the toxic substances that they release may discolour the water, deplete its oxygen content, poison aquatic animals and waterfowl, and irritate the skin and respiratory tract of humans. It majorly caused because of Cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Which of the following aquatic fern is an excellent bio fertilizer?

  1. Salvinia

  2. Azolla

  3. Marsilea

  4. Pteridium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Azolla pinnata is an aquatic fern, which contains a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. It contains Anabaena azollae in its leaf cavities. It is an excellent biofertilizer for paddy fields because they can fix nitrogen in moist condition also.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring

Leghaemoglobin takes part in

  1. Energy release

  2. Stimulating growth of Rhizobium
  3. N$ _{2}$ absorption

  4. Protecting nitrogenase

  5. Supply of oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The pink color, typical of healthy and effective nodules, is due to the presence of a protein called leghemoglobin. This special protein contains Iron (Fe) and molybdenum (Mo) and is responsible for binding oxygen. This provides sufficient oxygen for the metabolic functions of the bacteroids but prevents the accumulation of free oxygen that would destroy the activity of nitrogenase.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology microbes in human welfare biofertilizers microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers manuring
Find out the pairs, which are correctly matched.
A. Cyanobacteria                      (i.) Biopesticides
B. Mycorrhiza                          (ii.) Solubilization of phosphate
C. Bacillus thuringiensis          (iii.) Cry protein
D. Single cell protein               (iv.) Rhizobia

  1. A and ii.

  2. C and iii

  3. C and iv

  4. A and iii

  5. B and i
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is commonly used as a biopesticide. It is sporulating, a gram-positive facultative-aerobic soil bacterium. It synthesizes the proteins known as delta endotoxins or cry proteins which infect the insects by paralyzing the digestive tract and makes it porous.

So, the correct answer is option B.