Tag: zoology

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Questions Related to zoology

Multiple choice zoology the paths traversed by life evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Why is similarity misleading when it comes to inferring evolutionary relationships?

  1. Organisms that look alike may be very distantly related to one another.

  2. Similarities between two species may be due to common descent, without indicating how closely the two are related to one another.

  3. A and B only.

  4. The presence of a shared derived character state is often misleading when it comes to inferring relationships between species .
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Similarity can be misleading due to convergent evolution (A) or shared ancestral traits that do not reflect recent specific relationships (B). Both are valid reasons why similarity alone is insufficient for inferring phylogeny.

Multiple choice zoology the paths traversed by life evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Which of the following is not an example of a macro evolutionary process?

  1. One lion species splits to form two lion species over geological time.

  2. The same trait evolves independently in two different taxa (e.g. wings in birds and in insects).

  3. As a result of their activities, humans drive Dodos (a bird species) extinct.

  4. Over a short period of time, the frequency of a single gene declines from 10 to 8%.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolutionary changes above the species level. A change in gene frequency within a population (microevolution) is a classic example of population genetics, not macroevolution.

Multiple choice zoology the paths traversed by life evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
DNA nucleotide differences between organisms

  1. indicate that evolution occurs

  2. indicate how closely related organisms are

  3. explain why there are phenotypic differences

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
At the most basic level, living organisms share:
  • The same genetic material (DNA)
  • The same, or highly similar, genetic codes
  • The same basic process of gene expression (transcription and translation)
  • The same molecular building blocks, such as amino acids.
These shared features suggest that all living things are descended from a common ancestor and that this ancestor had DNA as its genetic material, used the genetic code, and expressed its genes by transcription and translation. Present-day organisms all share these features because they were "inherited" from the ancestor (and because any big changes in this basic machinery would have broken the basic functionality of cells). 
However, not all nucleotide or their sequence in DNA is the same among organisms. Rather this difference is what makes them different from each other. These sequences are expressed to result in different phenotypes. Also, closely related organisms show less difference among their nucleotides. These organisms gradually diverged from each other resulting in a new species at some point in time. 
So, the correct option is 'All of these'.
Multiple choice zoology the paths traversed by life evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Type of selection operating in:

(i) Average weight of the new born - X.

(ii) Industrial melanism - Y.

(iii) Sunflower population in Sacramento valley of California - Z.

Here if X, Y and Z are representing the types of natural selection, then X, Y and Z will be:

  1. X - Directional selection, Y - Balancing selection, Z - Diversifying selection.

  2. X - Balancing selection, Y - Directional selection, Z - Diversifying selection.

  3. X - Diversifying selection, Y - Balancing selection, Z - Directional selection.

  4. X - Diversifying selection, Y - Directional selection, Z - Balancing selection.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Stabilizing selection (balancing) maintains the average (birth weight), directional selection shifts the trait (industrial melanism), and disruptive (diversifying) selection favors extremes (sunflower population).

Multiple choice zoology the paths traversed by life evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Precipitation test gives evidences from 

  1. Comparative embryology

  2. Comparative anatomy

  3. Comparative serology

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nuttal performed antigen-antibody test /blood precipitation test / serological test to establish inter relationship among different animal groups. The test is based on the fact that injection of mismatched / foreign blood initiates antibody production. Injection of human blood into rabbit initiates antibody production; this antihuman serum from rabbit is poured into different organisms. The closer is the organism to human, the more the precipitate formation with antihuman serum. Thus, anthropoid apes produce large amount of precipitate with anti human serum as compared to monkey and dog. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology evolution evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Correct sequence of era is

  1. Palaeozoic - Mesozoic - Coenozoic

  2. Mesozoic - Archaeozoic - Proterozoic

  3. Palaeozoic - Archaeozoic -Coenozoic

  4. Archaeozoic -Palaeozoic -Proterozoic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

These are Eras of Geologic history, Phanerozoic eon. Previously the eras assumed were Proterozoic, Palaeozoic, Mesozoic, Coenozoic. However Proterozoic has now been elevated to a separate Eon.

Multiple choice zoology evolution evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Origin of Ginkgos and conifers took place at:

  1. Devonian period

  2. Triassic period.

  3. Cretaceous period.

  4. Permian period.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ginkgos and conifers (gymnosperms) experienced significant diversification and origin during the Permian period, following the decline of earlier flora.

Multiple choice zoology evolution evidences for evolution - taxonomy, molecular biology and cytology evidences of evolution evidences of biological evolution

Microscopic colloidal droplets synthesised abiotically in the ancient seas are called as__________.

  1. Coacervates

  2. Precells

  3. Protobionts

  4. Eobionts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A-  Coacervate can be defined as an aggregate of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acid often surrounded by the cell membranes and forms a stable colloid with properties that resemble living matter. According to Russian biochemist Aleksandr Oparin in the hot primitive seas, organic molecules would gather in small drops, similar to the actual cells. These small drops bunddled up in water molecules are called “coacervates”.