Tag: zoology

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Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to

  1. Anaerobic environment around them

  2. Low cellulose contents

  3. Low moisture content

  4. Poor nitrogen content
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their low moisture content The cellulose is in high amount in fallen logs. 

Decomposers break down dead plants and animals. They also break down the waste (poop) of other organisms. Decomposers are very important for any ecosystem. Low moisture content will lead to a decrease in the number of decomposers because decomposers require an optimum moisture for their proper growth and functioning.
So the answer is 'Low moisture content'. 

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Decomposition rate is slow, if detritus is rich in

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Humus

  3. Sugars

  4. Lignin and chitin

  5. Water soluble substances
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process of breaking down organic matter into simple inorganic matter. Under same environmental conditions, the rate of decomposition various due to change in composition of detritus. If detritus is rich in lignin and chitin, the decomposition rate is slow. If detritus is rich in nitrogen, the decomposition rate is relatively high.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Lignin and chitin.'

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Important steps in decomposition are

  1. Fragmentation and mineralisation

  2. Leeching and catabolism

  3. Humification and mineralisation

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores. Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil. Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex molecules into the simpler molecules. Humification is the process of formation of dark colored humus on the soil. MIneralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.

Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Which process of decomposition is correctly described?

  1. Leaching: Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil

  2. Fragmentation: Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  3. Humification: Leads to accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  4. Catabolism: Last step in decomposition under fully anaerobic conditions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores such as earthworm.
Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil.
Humification is the process of formation of dark colored substance humus on the soil. It undergoes microbial action at a slow rate. Mineralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.
Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex molecules into the simpler molecules.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Fragmentation: Carried out by organisms such as earthworm.'
Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

During the process of decomposition in which stage complex organic matter is converted into organic ions and salts by fungi

  1. Mineralisation

  2. Catabolism

  3. Fragmentation

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Decomposition is the process of breaking of complex organic matter into simpler inorganic matter. There are five steps of decomposition. These are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification and mineralization. Fragmentation is the process of breaking of detritus into small pieces by detrivores. Leaching is the process of releasing nutrients in the water and seeping into the soil. Catabolism is the process of breaking down of complex organic molecules into the simpler organic ions and salts by fungi. Humification is the process of formation of dark colored humus on the soil. MIneralization is the process of degradation of the hummus to release inorganic nutrients.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Catabolism.'

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ?

  1. Fragmentation Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  2. Humification Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  3. Catabolism Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

  4. Leaching Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
-Detrivores(eg- Earthworms) breakdown detritus into smaller particles. this process is called fragmentation.
-Humification leads to the accumulation of dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at an extremely slow rate.
-Catabolism the third step of decomposition which occurs by fungal and bacteria action under anaerobic condition.
-By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
So, the correct answer is 'Option A'.
So the correct option is A.
Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Choose the correct sequences.

  1. $CO _{2}$ in atmosphere $\rightarrow $ decomposers $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in animals $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in plants.
  2. $CO _{2}$ in atmosphere $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in plants $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in animals $\rightarrow $ inorganic carbon in soil.
  3. Inorganic carbonates in water $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in plants $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in animals $\rightarrow $ scavengers.
  4. Organic carbon in animals $\rightarrow $ decomposers $\rightarrow CO _{2}$ in atmosphere $\rightarrow $ organic carbon in plants.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nutrient cycles circulate matter through the biosphere. The nutrients regularly alternate between living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components. Hence the nutrient cycles are also called as biogeochemical cycles. The important nutrient cycles are water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, mineral cycle. In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon is fixed into organic compounds like carbohydrates by green plants during the process of photosynthesis. The organic compounds are consumed by heterotrophic organisms like animals. The waste materials of animals and dead bodies of animals and plants are acted upon by detrivorous organisms, releasing the mineral nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, sulphur etc back to the environment.

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs is due to

  1. poor nitrogen content

  2. anaerobic environment

  3. low cellulose contents

  4. low moisture contents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Low or reduced moisture alters and reduces the decomposition process. A slow rate of composition of fallen logs is likely due to low moisture contents.

So, the correct answer is option D, low moisture contents.

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

Which of the following factors is not limiting?

  1. CO$ _2$ concentration

  2. Light intensity

  3. Temperature

  4. Oxygen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In most terrestrial and aquatic environments, oxygen is generally not a limiting factor for plant growth, whereas light, temperature, and CO2 concentration frequently limit the rate of photosynthesis.